ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืคืกื—
  • ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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11 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื“ืจืšืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืคืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื‘ืกืคืจื• "ืื™ืฉ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”", ืžืชืืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืกื•ืœื•ื‘ื™ื™ืฆ'ื™ืง ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ืคืœืื” ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžืขื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืขืœ ืžืžืจืื” ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืื™ื˜ื, ืžืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ื•ื”ืจื•ื’ืข, ืžื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื ื‘ื™ืขื” ื•ืžื”ืจื’ืฉืช ื”ื˜ื”ืจื”; ื•ืื™ืœื• ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื•ืื•ืช, ื•ื”ื‘ื ืช ื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืžืชื‘ื”ืจืช ืœืื•ืจ ืžืจืื” ื”ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื™ืžื™ื•. ื”ืื“ื ื”ืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื”ื”ืœื›ื”.
ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืงื•ืจื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ื˜ื™ื™ืชื• ื”ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ื‘ืขืช ื‘ื• ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื–ื“ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื ื ืคืฉื• ื ื•ื˜ื” ื•ืื•ืชื ื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘. ืืš ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”"ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™" ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืœื‘ ื˜) "ืึทืœ ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึผ ื›ึผึฐืกื•ึผืก ื›ึผึฐืคึถืจึถื“ ืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึธื‘ึดื™ืŸ" ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืืœื” ื”ืžืคืจื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืก' ืžื”ืคืจ"ื“, ืืช ื”ืก ื•ื“ ืžืฉืืจ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืค ืฉื˜, ื”ืจ ืžื– ื•ื”ื“ ืจืฉ. ื›ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ืœ ื—ืœืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืคืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช, ืืช ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ืชื•ืจืชื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ื›ืžื• ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ.
ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช ืœืกืคืจ ื•ื™ืงืจื, ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืชื•ืคืขื” ืžื•ื›ืจืช ื•ืžืฆืขืจืช ืฉื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืžืฆืคื™ื ืžืขืฆืžื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื”. ื’ื ืžืคืืช ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื•ื’ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืžื•ื˜ืขื™ืช ืฉื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื ื•ื’ืข ืืœื™ื ื• ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”. ืชื•ืคืขื” ื–ื• ืžืชืขืฆืžืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืืช ืคืจืฉื•ืช "ืชื–ืจื™ืข-ืžืฆื•ืจืข". ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืคืจืฉื•ืช ืืœื•, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืฆืขืจื ื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืงืช ืืช ื”ื ืืžืจ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื ื ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื—ื ื•ืช 'ื˜ืžื‘ื•ืจ' ื•ื ื‘ืงืฉ ืฆื‘ืข ื™ืจื•ืง ื™ืฆื™ืขื• ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื‘ืข ื™ืจื•ืง. ืœื›ืŸ, ืืฃ-ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื ืื ื• ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœืคืจืฉ ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืืœื•.
ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื›ื”ืจื’ืœื•, ื—ื•ืชื ืืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืฆืจืขืช (ืคืจืง ืฉืฉื”-ืขืฉืจ ื”ืœ' ื™) ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืืœื•:
ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ื”ึทืฉึผืึดื ึผื•ึผื™ ื”ึธืึธืžื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึฐื’ึธื“ึดื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึทื‘ึผึธืชึผึดื™ื ืฉืึถืงึผึฐืจึธืึทืชึผื•ึผ ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืฆึธืจึทืขึทืช... ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืžึดืžึผึดื ึฐื”ึธื’ื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืึถืœึผึธื ืื•ึนืช ื•ึผืคึถืœึถื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืœึฐื”ึทื–ึฐื”ึดื™ืจึธืŸ ืžึดืœึผึธืฉืื•ึนืŸ ื”ึธืจึทืข, ืฉืึถื”ึทืžึฐืกึทืคึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึฐืœึธืฉืื•ึนืŸ ื”ึธืจึทืข ืžึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื ึผื•ึนืช ืงึดื™ืจื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึตื™ืชื•ึน.
ื™ืฉื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื’ืขื™ื ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข. ื‘ืขื•ื ืฉ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื“ื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ืฃ ืขืžื•ืง ืฉืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจืš ื—ืฉืคืช ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืœ ืืช ื ื’ืขื™ื• ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ื”ื ื’ืขื™ื ืฉืœืš ื™ื™ื’ืœื• ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ. ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื™ืฉ ืืžื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื— ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืจืื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืœืžื“ื• ืžื›ืš ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ, ืœืขื•ืžืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืชื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืื–ื”ืจืชื ืขืœ ื›ืš.
ื ืจืื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื–ืง ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื• ื‘ื• ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื ื•ื”ืฉืงืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ืคืœื ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื™ืฆื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืœืงืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜, ืืš ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืจื‘, ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื•ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืืฆ-ืืค. ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ืกื›ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืงื”ื™ืœื”. "ื—ึตืฅ ืฉืึธื—ื•ึผื˜ ืœึฐืฉืื•ึนื ึธื" (ื™ืจืžื™ื”ื• ื˜ ื–) โ€“ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืฉืœื—ืช ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื•ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ืช ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืื ื—ืก ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืœื ื ื”ืจื’ ืื“ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ 1 , ื”' ื™ืจื—ื.
ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืื–ื”ืจื”
ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืจืžื‘"ื:
ืึดื ื—ึธื–ึทืจ ื‘ึผื•ึน ื™ึดื˜ึฐื”ึทืจ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช, ืึดื ืขึธืžึทื“ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดืฉืึฐืขื•ึน ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื”ึปืชึผึทืฅ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ืžึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื ึผึดื™ืŸ ื›ึผึฐืœึตื™ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืจ ืฉึผืึถื‘ึผึฐื‘ึตื™ืชื•ึน ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ื™ื•ึนืฉืึตื‘ ื•ึฐืฉืื•ึนื›ึตื‘ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถืŸ. ืึดื ื—ึธื–ึทืจ ื‘ึผื•ึน ื™ึดื˜ึฐื”ึฒืจื•ึผ, ื•ึฐืึดื ืขึธืžึทื“ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดืฉืึฐืขื•ึน ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดืฉึผื‚ึธืจึฐืคื•ึผ ืžึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื ึผึดื™ืŸ ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐื’ึธื“ึดื™ื ืฉืึถืขึธืœึธื™ื•. ืึดื ื—ึธื–ึทืจ ื‘ึผื•ึน ื™ึดื˜ึฐื”ึฒืจื•ึผ, ื•ึฐืึดื ืขึธืžึทื“ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดืฉืึฐืขื•ึน ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดืฉึผื‚ึธืจึฐืคื•ึผ ืžึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื ึผึถื” ืขื•ึนืจื•ึน ื•ึฐื™ึดืฆึฐื˜ึธืจึตืขึท ื•ึฐื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืžึปื‘ึฐื“ึผึธืœ ื•ึผืžึฐืคึปืจึฐืกึธื ืœึฐื‘ึทื“ึผื•ึน.
ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืื–ื”ืจื•ืช ืœืื“ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžืขื ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžื•ื˜ื‘. ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืžื–ื™ื ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื•ืœื— ืœื ื•. ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืคืขื ืžืฉืœ ืžื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืืฉืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืจืžื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื ื• ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื•. ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช (ืื•ืœื™ "ืกื•ื‘ืืจื• ืžืชื ื—ืœื™ื"...). ื”ืื“ื ื ื•ืกืข ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ื•ืื—ืช ื”ื ื•ึผืจื•ึนืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื”ื‘ ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื›ืชื•ื. ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื”ื•ื‘ ืื– ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืžื›ื” ืœืœื•ื— ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชื™ืง ืืช ื”ื ื•ืจื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ืจื” ื ื“ืœืงืช ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ืื“ื•ื ื•ื”ื ื”ื’ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืžื›ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช. ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื” ื”ื ื•ืจื” ื ื“ืœืงืช ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ืื“ื•ื ื—ื–ืง ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื–ื›ืจ ืฉื‘ืขืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืืžืจ ืœื• ืื™ืคื” ื ืžืฆื ื—ื•ื˜ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืืœื™ื• ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ื ื•ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ืžื ืชืง ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื˜ ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ... ืืš ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืœื ืจื‘ ื”ื ื”ื’ ืžืจื™ื— ืจื™ื— ืฉืจื•ืฃ ื•ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืžื ื•ืข ืžืขืœื” ืขืฉืŸ...
ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื•ืœื— ืœื ื• ืื–ื”ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื“ืœื™ืง ืœื ื• ื ื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ืืš ืจื•ื‘ื ื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืžื›ื•ืช ืœื ื•ืจื” ื•ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืœืื”. ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืืœื• ืจืžื–ื™ื ืงืฆืช ืงืฉื™ื ื•ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืš ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืจืžื–ื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื•.
ื›ืš ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื• (ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ื™):
"ืงืฉื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืื“ื ื”ื–ื”. ื•ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื”? ืžืชืจื” ื‘ื• ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžืœืงื” ืื•ืชื•, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ื ืชืชื™ ื ื’ืข ืฆืจืขืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืืจืฅ ืื—ื•ื–ืชื›ื". ืื—ืจื™ื” ืžืœืงื” ื‘ื™ืชื•. ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• โ€“ ืžื•ื˜ื‘, ื•ืื ืœืื• ืžืœืงื” ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื•. ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ื‘ื’ื“ ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื• ื ื’ืข ืฆืจืขืช". ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• โ€“ ืžื•ื˜ื‘. ืื ืœืื• ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืื“ื ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืจื•".
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื’ื ื‘ื‘ืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช. ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ืื“ื ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ืฆืจืขืช ืžืชื—ืช ืœื—ื•ืœืฆื” ื•ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื ื’ืข. ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืฉืคืจ ืืช ืžืขืฉื™ื•, ื”ื ื’ืข ืžืชืคืฉื˜ ืืฃ ื‘ื™ื“, ืžืงื•ื ื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื›ืกื•ืช ืื•ืชื•. ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืžื•ื˜ื‘ ื”ื ื’ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ืืฃ ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ื›ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ...
ืื“ื ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืจื•
ื”ืื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื ื’ืขื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืจ. ืื ื• ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžืกืคื™ืง ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ืคืœื™ื˜ืช ืคืกื•ืœืช ื•ืจืขืœื™ื. ื”ืื“ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืื™ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ื–ื™ืข ืืš ื”ื–ื™ืขื” ืคื•ืœื˜ืช ืจืขืœื™ื ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืื“ื ื“ืจืš ื ืงื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืจ, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื ืื• ืœื ืžื•ื•ืกืชื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืจืขืœื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื•ืžื–ื™ืงื™ื. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืœืคืœื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ื ืงื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื•ืจื•ื— ื”ืžื–ื›ืš ืืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช. ืœื›ืŸ ื ื’ืขื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ื’ื ืฉื™ืงื•ืฃ ืœืคืกื•ืœืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžื”ืื“ื.
ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืชืขืกืงืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื ื’ืขื™ื. ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืืš ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ื’ืขื™ื ืคื•ืกืง ื•ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื”ื›ื”ืŸ. ืืžื ื ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ "ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉื‚ึดืคึฐืชึตื™ ื›ึนื”ึตืŸ ื™ึดืฉืึฐืžึฐืจื•ึผ ื“ึทืขึทืช ื•ึฐืชื•ึนืจึธื” ื™ึฐื‘ึทืงึฐืฉืื•ึผ ืžึดืคึผึดื™ื”ื•ึผ" (ืžืœืื›ื™ ื‘ ื–), ืืš ืœื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื ืคื•ืกืงื™ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืคืจืฉืชื ื• ื–ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื ื’ืขื™ื.
ืื ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื ื’ืขื™ื ื•ืžื”ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ืคื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืืœื•.
ื›ืชื ื•ืช ืื•ืจ
ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื ืขื ืืœื™ืžืœืš ื–ื™"ืข (ืคืจืฉืช ืชื–ืจื™ืข):
ื•ื–ื”ื• "ืื“ื ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืจื•" โ€“ ื“ื”ื ื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ื•ื™ืขืฉ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืœืื“ื ื›ืชื ื•ืช ืขื•ืจ ื•ื™ืœื‘ื™ืฉื", ื•ืื™ืชื ื‘ื’ืžืจื "ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ 'ื›ืชื ื•ืช ืื•ืจ' ื‘ืืœืฃ".
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจืฉ, ื“ื”ื ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืฉื™"ืช ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืคื• ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข. ื•ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืชื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ... ืจืง ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ื“ืงื” ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืงื” ื ื“ื ื•ื“ ื™ืฆืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื—ื˜ื, ืจืง ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื ื—ืฉ ืœื”ื—ื˜ื™ืื•.
ืžื”ื• ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ื›ืชื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืจ? ื•ื›ื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื˜ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœืื“ื ื•ื—ื•ื” ืขื•ืจ? ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืžืœืš ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื˜ื ื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืชื ื•ืช ื ื•ืจ, ื›ื•ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื–ืš ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื•"ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืคื• ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข". ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ื˜ื•ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืืฆืœ ื”ืื“ื ืืš "ื“ืงื” ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืงื”".
ื•ืื—ืจ ื—ื˜ื ื”ืื“ื ืฉืื›ืœ ืžืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข ืื– ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืœืื“ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื‘ืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”' ื•ืชื•ืจืชื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ื›ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื” ืœืฉืžื”, ืื– ื ืขืฉื” ื’ื•ืคื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื ื•ืช ืื•ืจ ื‘ืืœืฃ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”.
ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื ื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื˜ื ื•ื”ืœื‘ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ื›ืชื ื•ืช ืข ื•ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื”ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ื ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืืš ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืคื™ ืžื”ื•ืชื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื˜ื, ื”ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ืœื‘ื™ืฉ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืชื ื•ืช ืื•ืจ !
ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืคื•ืขืœืช ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืžืฉืจื” ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืคืš, ืื ื”ืื“ื ื—"ื• ืžื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืกืจื• ืžืžื ื• ื›ืชื ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื•. ืืžื ื ืžืกื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื˜ื ื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื›ืชื ื•ืช ืขื•ืจ, ื”ืจื™ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื, ืขื•ืจ ื•ื’ื™ื“ื™ื; ืืš ื›ื ืจืื” ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืœื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื ืชืจื’ืœ ืืœื™ื”. ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื•ืชื• ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ (ืฉื ืงืจื ืืฃ ืจื‘ื™ ื ื”ื•ืจืื™), ืฉืขื ื™ื ื• ืœื”ืื™ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื›ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื—ื˜ื โ€“ ื›ืชื ื•ืช ืื•ืจ 2 .
ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืจื• ืœื ื’ืข ืฆืจืขืช" ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื•ืขื ืืœื™ืžืœืš ื›ืš:
ื“'ื ื’ืข' ื”ื ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช 'ืขื ื’'.
ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” (ืคืจืง ื‘) ื ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื ื’ืข ื•ืื™ืŸ ื ืฉื’ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื ื’: "ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืขื ื’ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื” ืœืžื˜ื” ืžื ื’ืข". ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื ื™ืข ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืžื•ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื ื’ ืฉื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืžืชืขื ื’ ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืชื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื‘ื”ืžื™ืช ื ื•ื˜ื” ื•ืžืชืขืœื” ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.
ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื ื’ืข ืœืขื ื’
ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ืช ื”ื ื’ืข ื•ื”ืขื ื’ ื–ื• ืขืกืง ืืฃ ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื-ื“ื‘ ืžืื‘ืจื™ื˜ืฉ ื–ื™"ืข, ื‘ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ 3 , ืฉืขืœื” ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฆืคืช. ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืกื•ืคืจ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื. ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื ืก ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ืœืคืชืข ืœื—ื“ืจื• ื•ื”ืกืชื’ืจ ื‘ื• ืชืงื•ืคื” ืืจื•ื›ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ืžื—ื“ืจื• ื•ืขืจืš ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื” ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ื”ืกืชื’ืจื•ืช ื•ืืช ืคืฉืจ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื-ื“ื‘ ืกื™ืคืจ ืฉื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืฉื“"ืจ ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื ื™ืกื” "ืœืคืชื•ืช" ืื•ืชื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ. ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืœื”ืœื”ื™ื‘ ืืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ื”ื•ื ืชื™ืืจ ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืฆื•ืขื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืื‘ื ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื•ืช ืืœื ืขืœ ืื‘ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช. ืืš ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ืœืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืฆื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื™ื”ืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฆืคืช ืืœื ืื‘ื ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื•ืช... ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืคื’ืฉ ื‘ืฆืคืช ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืฉื“"ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื•? ื”ืฉื“"ืจ, ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืœืงื— ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช, ืขื ื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ื•ื” (ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืฃ ื‘ื—ื•ืฆืคื”...) ืฉืœื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ื”ืœื•ืžื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื. ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ื•ืืžืจ ืฉืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืกืชื’ืจ ื‘ื—ื“ืจื• ื•ื”ื–ื“ื›ืš ืขื“ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื“ืจื’ื” ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืฉืื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžื“ืจืš ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ื ืื‘ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช...
ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื• (ืขื”"ืค ืื“ื ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืจื•):
ืื“ื ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืจื• ืœื ื’ืข ืฆืจืขืช, ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื ืืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ" ื”ื ื” ืื™ืชื ื‘ื–ื”"ืง, ืœืขืจื‘ ืจื‘ ื™ืชื”ืคืš ืœื”ื 'ืขื ื’' ืœ'ื ื’ืข'.
ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืขืจื‘ ืจื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ืช ืขื™ืŸ, ืื“ื ืžืชื•ืงืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื ื’ืข ืฉืœื• ืœืขื ื’. ื›ื™ืฆื“? ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžื”ื ืžืกืงื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ืื“ื ืฉื ืฉื‘ืจื” ืจื’ืœ ื‘ื”ืžืชื• ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื’ื™ืœื” ืฉ" ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื ืฉื‘ืจื” ืจื’ืœ ืคืจืชื™ " (ื”ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืค"ื’). ื™ืฉื ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืชืคื ืฆ'ืจ ืฆืžื™ื’ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื•ื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื–ื” ื ื•ืจื ื•ืื™ื•ื ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื’ื™ืœื• ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื” ืงืจื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื• ื ืžื ืข ืืกื•ืŸ ื›ื‘ื“ ื”"ื™. ื™ื“ื•ืข ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืคืกืคืก ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืกื” ืฉืœื• ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืก ื”ืชื ื’ืฉ ื‘ืžื’ื“ืœื™ ื”ืชืื•ืžื™ื. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืขืจื‘ ืจื‘, ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ื ื’ืข ืœืขื ื’ ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืžื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืจื•ืžื– ืœื”ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื›ื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื•. ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ืœื” ืฉืคื•ืงื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ืืช ื”ื ื’ืข ืฉืœื”ื ืœืขื ื’ .
ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื”ืื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื— ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื”. ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืคืš ืืช ื”ื ื’ืข ื”ื ื•ืจื ืฉื”ืื•ืžื” ืกืคื’ื” ืœื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืœื” ื”ื ื•ืจืื” ืœื›ื— ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”. ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืœื–ืงืง ืจื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ื•ืฉืœื ื ืฉื›ื— ื—"ื• ืืช ื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืžืจื•ื‘ "ื›ื•ื—ื™ ื•ืขื•ืฆื ื™ื“ื™", ืืš ืขื ื–ืืช ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื–ื”ื• ืžื”ืคืš ืžืฉื•ืื” ืœืชืงื•ืžื”, ืžืฉืžืžื” ืœืคืจื™ื—ื” ื•ืžื ื’ืข ืœืขื ื’.
ืขื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื”
ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื• ื›ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื‘ืงืœื™ืคืช ื”ื ื•ื’ื”, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืจืข ื•ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื›ืš ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื ื’ืข ืœืขื ื’, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืขืจื‘-ืจื‘ ื”ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืขื ื’ ืœื ื’ืข.
ื–ื”ื• ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืกืคืจื™ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช, ืืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืžื™ื ื• 4 :
ืฉืžืขืชื™ ื‘ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžื•ื”"ืจ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื–"ืœ, ืžื•ืจื” ืง"ืง ืงืืจืฅ ื“ื–ื”ื• ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื ื’ืข ืขืžื“ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื•", ืฉืœื ื ืชื”ืคืš ื”ืข' ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืขื ื’... ื•ื”ื ื” ืขื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžืจื•ืžื– ื•ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืขื™ืŸ ืจืขื” ื‘ืฉื ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืžืืœ. ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘"ืขื ื’" ืข' ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื ' ืขื ื”ื’' ื”ืžื” ื ื’ืจืจื™ื ื•ื ืกืžื›ื™ื ืืœ ื”ืข' ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ. ื•ื‘"ื ื’ืข" ื”ืข' ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืืœ, ืžืจื•ืžื– ืขืœ ืขื™ืŸ ืจืขื”, ื•ื”ื ' ื•ื”ื’' ื’"ื› ื‘ื”ื™ืคื•ืš.
ื–ื”ื• ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื• ื”ื ืคืœื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืช ืขื™ืŸ, ื”ื ' ื•ื”ื’' ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื ื•ื›ืš ื”ืŸ ืืฃ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ืงืœื™ืคืช ื ื’ ื” ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข. ื”ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืื• ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ืจืขื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื”ืข' ื ืขืžื“ืช ืžืฆื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ืขื ื’; ืืš ืื ื”ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืจืง ืจืข ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื ื”ืคื›ืช ืœื ื’ืข. ืื“ื ื‘ืขืœ ืขื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจืขื” ื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืœืขื ื”ืจืฉืข ืฉืชื•ื ื”ืขื™ืŸ, ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืžืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื›ืžื” ืžืชืื™ื ืฉืžื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ื ืงืจื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ , ืฉื–ื™ื›ืš ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื’ืฃ ืื‘ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช...
ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืจื ื“ืืชืจื ืฉืœ ื˜ื‘ืจื™ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ื›ื“ื™, ืฉื”ืจื™ "ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืจืื™ื™ืชื”". ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ื–ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื˜ื•ึผื‘ ืขื™ืŸ โ€“ "ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืจื™ืงื ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื” ืžืœืื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ"; "ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืš ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืš ืงืจื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื".
ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื™ืฉ ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื—ื™ื” ืœืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ื ื”ืคืš ื”ื ื’ืข ืœืขื ื’ โ€“ ื™ื ื”ืžืœื—. ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืื–ื•ืจ ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืืจ ื›ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืฉืคืข ืจื‘ โ€“ "ื›ื›ืจ ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื›ื•ืœื” ืžืฉืงื”", ืืš ืื ืฉื™ ืกื“ื•ื ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื ื”ืฆืจื”. ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื™ืŸ ืฆืจื” ื”ืขื ื’ ื ื”ืคืš ืœื ื’ืข ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ืœื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ื ื’ืขื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื (ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื”), ื—ื ื‘ื• ืžืื“ ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืงืจื™ื ื” ืจื‘ื”. ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื’ืข ืœืขื ื’. ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืœื— ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืžื—ืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื”ืคืš ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืจืคื ื•ืœืžื›ืจื” ื–ื”ื‘ ืฉืœ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช. ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ืžืคืขืœื™ ื™ื ื”ืžืœื—, ืžื”ืคืš ืžื ื’ืข ืœืขื ื’.
ื–ื• ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”'ืขื™ืŸ' ืžืฉืžืืœ ืœื™ืžื™ืŸ, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ืชืžืœื ื‘ืื•ืจ ื•ื›ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ื•ืœื—ืคืฉ ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืืฃ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ืื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•. ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื–ื” ืงืœ ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืืฃ ืœื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื•, ืืš ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืงืจื•ื‘ ื•ืžืฆื™ืืชื• ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืจืง ื‘ื ื•.
ืœื›ืŸ ืžืฉื™ืžืช ื”ื”ืชืขืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื ื’ืขื™ื ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ื“ื•ืงื ืขืœ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ, ืื™ืฉ ื”ื—ืกื“. ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืฉืืœื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ ืืœื ื”ื•ืจืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื ื’ืข ื•ืžื•ืจื” ืœืื“ื ืœื”ืกืชื’ืจ ืฉื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื ื—ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืขื™ื ื•, ืืช ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื–ื•ืœืช ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ืื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืชืคืชื— ื”ื ื’ืข ื›ื ืจืื” ืœื ืขื‘ื“ืช ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืจืง ื”ืชืžืจืžืจืช ื•ื›ืขืกืช, ืœื ื”ืฉื’ืช ืืช ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื”ืกืชื’ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืžืกื’ื™ืจ ืื•ืชืš ืœื–ืžืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ.
ื”ืฉืืœื” ื‘ื” ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคืกื•ืง ื”ื™ื ื”ืื ื”ืคืš ื”ื ื’ืข ืืช ืขื™ื ื• , ื”ืื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ืกื’ืจ ื”'ืขื™ืŸ' ืฉืœืš ืขื‘ืจื” ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ ืœืฉืžืืœ. ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื ืืžืจ: "ื•ึฐืจึธืึธื” ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื”ึปื›ึผึทื‘ึผึตืก ืึถืช ื”ึทื ึผึถื’ึทืข ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืœึนื ื”ึธืคึทืšึฐ ื”ึทื ึผึถื’ึทืข ืึถืช ืขึตื™ื ื•ึน ื•ึฐื”ึทื ึผึถื’ึทืข ืœึนื ืคึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื˜ึธืžึตื ื”ื•ึผื" (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™ื’ ื ื”). ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื "ืขื™ื ื•" ื–ื”ื• ื”ืฆื‘ืข, ืœื ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ื ื’ืข ืืช ืฆื‘ืขื•, ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืืช ืขื™ื ื• ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•, ืืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช. ื”ืื ื”ืื“ื ืฉื™ื ื” ื•ื–ื™ื›ืš ืืช ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื• ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื ื’ืข ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืขื ื’.
ื–ื• ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื•, ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืืฃ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื” ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš, ืืš ืžื™ ืฉื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืขื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื ื™ื• ืžืชื”ืคื›ื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”.



^ 1.ืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื ื–ืงื™ื ืื“ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืœืคื™ ืื“ื ืžืกื•ื™ื. ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ื•ื“ืขื” "ื“ื—ื•ืฃ! ื“ื—ื•ืฃ! ื’ื™ืœื• ืฉื”ืฉื•ื ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ืฉืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœ ื—ืžืฅ ืขืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื›ืœื™ื! ื”ื‘ื“"ืฅ ื”ื•ืจื” ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื•ื ืžื”ืžื“ืคื™ื!". ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขืกื•ืง ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื›ืš ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืžื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื”ืจ ืžื˜ืขืžื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ, ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืžื” ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื— ืœื™ ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื•ืœื ื ื‘ืจื ื•ื”ื‘ื“"ืฅ ืœื ื”ื•ืจื” ื›ืš ืžืขื•ืœื. ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืื—ืช ืฉื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืจืžื” ื ื–ืง ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืื“ื™ืจ!
^ 2.ื›ืš ืžืกื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืขื ืืœื™ืžืœืš ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื•: ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ "ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ", ืœืคื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื›ืชื ื•ืช ืื•ืจ ื‘ืืœืฃ ื›ื "ืœ, ืœืคื™ ืฉืชื™ืงืŸ ืืช ื’ื•ืคื• ื•ืื‘ืจื™ื• ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžืื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื•ืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ืื“ื ื›ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืจื•", ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื ืงืจื ื‘ืฉื ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื›ื ื™ืก ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืชืื•ื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืจื•. ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ, ืœื ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชื™ืงืŸ ืืช ืขื•ืจื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืจ ื‘ืืœืฃ, ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื•ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืจื•. ื•ืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ืฉืืช" ืจืžื– ืœืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื˜ืื™ื, ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื”ืื“ื ืœื›ืœืœ ื—ื˜ืื™ื. ื•ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ืื•ื” ื•"ืฉืืช" ืจืžื– ืœื’ืื•ื•ื”. "ืื• ืกืคื—ืช", ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžืœืžื“ื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ื–ื• ืกื™ื‘ื” ื™ื‘ื•ื ื”ืื“ื ืœื’ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื“ืข ืื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ. ืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืฉืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช: ืื• ืกืคื—ืช, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื“ืžื—ืžืช ืฉืื“ื ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืจื™ืงื™ื ื”ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื–ื• ืกื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื’ืื•ืช ืœืื“ื ื•ืกืคื—ืช ื”ื•ื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ "ืกืคื—ื ื™ ื ื". "ืื• ื‘ื”ืจืช", ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ื›ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ "ื‘ื•ื”ืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉื—ืงื™ื". ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœืื“ื ืื™ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ื–ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืขืฉื” ื‘ืงืœ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื’ืื•ืช ืื ืื™ื ื• ื–ื”ื™ืจ ื•ื–ืจื™ื– ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื•.
^ 3.ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื-ื“ื‘ ืžืื‘ืจื™ื˜ืฉ ื–ื™"ืข ื—ื™ ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื” ืชืœืžื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืœื•ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžื‘ืจื“ื™ื˜ืฉื‘ ื•ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืžื˜ืฉืจื ื•ื‘ื™ืœ. ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืขืจื™ื ื›ืจื‘ ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“, ืืš ื‘ืฉื ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืงืฆ"ื ืขื–ื‘ ืืช ืงื”ื™ืœืชื• ื•ืขืœื” ืœืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื“ ืžื”ืื•ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืขื›ื• ื•ืชื›ื ืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืืš ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื• ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืขื›ื• ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืชื›ืŸ ื‘ืฆืคืช ื•ื”ืชื›ื ืกื• ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ. ืฉื ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื›ืขืฉื•ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื™ื‘ ื›ืกืœื• ืชืจ"ื ื•ื ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืง ื‘ืฆืคืช. ื‘ืขื•ื“ื• ื—ื™ ื‘ืฆืคืช ืคืงื“ื• ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฆืจื•ืช ื ื•ืจืื•ืช. ืžืจื“ ื”ืคืœื—ื™ื, ื”ืจืขืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืจืขื‘ ื ื•ืจื ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืจื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื•ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ืื ืฉื™ ืฆืคืช ืœืœื ื”ืจืฃ. ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืžืจื“ ื”ืคืœื—ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืžื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื›ื•ืคืจ ื ืคืฉ ืื“ื™ืจ ื•ื›ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื ื™ื— ืจืืฉ ื”ื›ื ื•ืคื™ื” ืืช ื—ืจื‘ื• ืขืœ ืฆื•ื•ืืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืื•ืชื• ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•. ื›ื‘ืงืฉื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื-ื“ื‘ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื• ื›ื•ืก ืžื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืจืš 'ืฉื”ื›ืœ' ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื ืžืจืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืš ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืชื• ื ื‘ื”ืœ ืžืคื ื™ื• ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื”ื›ื ื•ืคื™ื”, ืขื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื‘ืจื—.
ืืฃ ื‘ืจืขืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ืžื•ืคืช ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืช- ืขื™ืŸ. ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื”ื ืฉื’ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉ ืฉื‘ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ืจืขื™ื“ืช ืื“ืžื” ื•ื”ื•ืจื” ืœืกื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืฅ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช. ื›ืฉืคืงื“ ื”ืจืขืฉ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื’ื ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ ืืš ื”ื—ืœืง ื‘ื• ืขืžื“ ื”ื‘ืช ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืขืžื“ื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื™ืžื•, ื ืฉืืจ ืฉืœื ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื. ื›ืš ื”ืฆื™ืœ ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ-ืžืื•ืช ืื™ืฉ ืฉืขืžื“ื• ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•.

^ 4.ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœื ื ืฉื›ื— ืžืžื ื™ ื•ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื™ ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืื–. ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืขืฉื•ืจ ื ืกืขืชื™ (ืขื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื™ืงืจ ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื) ืœืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ืจื™ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ. ื•ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆืคืช ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœืžืขืจืช ื”ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื—ื– ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืื™ืชื™ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืฉื ืขืžื“ืชื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉื ืกืคืจ ื‘ืช-ืขื™ืŸ ืฉื ืจืื” ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ... ืื—ื–ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืขืฉื™ืชื™ "ืคืชื™ื—ื”", ืคืชื—ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืงืจืื™ ื•ื ืคืชื— ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืชื–ืจื™ืข ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ืคืœืื” ื–ื•. ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉืœื—ื• ืœื™ ืื•ืชื” ืžืฉืžื™ื.



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ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'

ืจื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ืฆื”ืจ ื•ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืจื•ืขื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื”ืจ
ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ
ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
     ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื–ื™ ืงืœื›ื”ื™ื™ื ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื–ื™ ืงืœื›ื”ื™ื™ื ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”
    52 ื“ืง'
    ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”

    ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”

    ืืžื•ื ื” ื›"ื˜ -ืœ"ื

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”: ืžื—ื“ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืขื•ื– ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ื”', ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืœืขื“ืŸ ื•ืœืจื›ืš ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ืคืจืื™ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืœืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื—ื™ื™ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžืœืื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื
    45 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืš ื•ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง ื’ื–ืœ , ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
    29 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื ื— ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื”ืืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื ื•ื— ืจื•ืžื– ืืœื™ื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ื›ืžืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื— ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉื–ื™ื›ืชื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ" ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื
    25 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื—ื˜ื ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ื’ื•ืฃ, ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื›ืœ ื•ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ืžืื•ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืชื• ื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื—.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช

    ืขื‘ื“ืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื -ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืœืฆื“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช
    40 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื "ืกืคื™ืงื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื", ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ("ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”") ื•ืžืงื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืง. ืžืชื•ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”"ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช", ื”"ืชื•ืžื™ื" ื•ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืค, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื• ืคืจืง ื›"ื– - ื›"ื—

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ืจืฆื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘
    ื ื—

    ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืžื•ืœ ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ืชื•, ื“ืจืš ืžืคื’ืฉื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื—ื ื ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืื• ืžืกื—ืจ ืขื ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืืœื ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืง"ืก

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื ืฉ ื ืงืžื ื™, ืืœื ื”ืชืคื›ื—ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื•ื—ืฉ ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื•. ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื–ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืœื ืขืจ ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœ ื˜ื‘ืขื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“
    44 ื“ืง'
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืงืก"ื‘ - ืงืก"ื“

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” โ€“ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืขืชื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” โ€“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง. ื“ืจืš ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—
    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?
    46 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?

    ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ 'ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื' ื‘ืฉื 'ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื' ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

    ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื ื™ืœืžื“ื• ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื | ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื•, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืœืžื“ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื‘ื’ืจื•ืชื• | ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืจื—ื‘, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” | ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“, ืฉื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืขื•ืœืžื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ืขื™ืžื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ | ืขื™ืงืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื™ืงื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื‘ื ื“ื”ืœื›ืชื | ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืขื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ 20 ื™ืงื™ืคื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืขื ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจื• ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืžืคืจืฉื™ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–

    ืงึตืฅ ื›ื‡ึผืœ ื‘ึธึผืฉึธื‚ืจ ื‘ึธึผื ืœึฐืคึธื ึทื™ - ืžื”ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืงึตืฅ ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื”, ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืงึตืฅ ืืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžืชื—ืœื”. ืžึดื›ื‡ึผืœ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ - ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ื“ืื ื”ื•ื ืœึฐืšึธ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื›ืœ. ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื•ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืคืจืฉื”. ืœืžื” ืฉืœื— ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื•ืจื‘ ื•ื™ื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืœื ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืจื—ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื.

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืืžืจ ื ื— ืคื–
    ื ื—

    ืžืืžืจ ื ื— ืคื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื–
    30 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”
    47 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช, ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช

    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืจืชืง ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ืžืคื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช (ื›ื•ืœืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื”), ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ื›ื–ื™ืช ื•ื›ื‘ื™ืฆื”, ื“ื™ื ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื—ืœื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืžื•ืคืช ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ื”ืชืžื“ืชื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื‘' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il