ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”
  • ื›ืฉืจื•ืช
  • ื“ื™ื ื™ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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4 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื” ื‘ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืž"ื’ (1983) ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ื” ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื•ืกืžืš ืœืชืช ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื™ื‘ื•ื. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืคื•ืขืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื›ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ืžืคืงื— ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช. ืื’ืฃ ื–ื” ืžืื—ื“ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื”, ื”ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ืžืฉื—ื˜ื•ืช, ื‘ืชื™ ืžื˜ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ืžืคืขืœื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื•ื—ืจื•ืฉืช, ื‘ืชื™ ื‘ื“, ื™ืงื‘ื™ื, ืžื—ืœื‘ื•ืช, ืžืœื•ื ื•ืช, ืื•ืœืžื•ืช, ืฉืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืกืขื“ื”, ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื›ืคืจื™ ื ื•ืขืจ ื•ื›ื•'.
ืžื›ื— ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ืžื•ืืฆืœืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœืจื‘ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ืœืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขืจื™ื ื•ืœืจื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžืงื•ืžื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ืœืžืคืขืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช.
ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ืื—ื™ื“ื” ื•ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช ื—ื™ื‘ืจื” ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืกืคืจ ื ื”ืœื™ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืขืกืง ืฉื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ื–ื”ื• ืกืคืจ ืขื‘ ื›ืจืก ื”ืžืฉืชืจืข ืขืœ ื›-250 ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื, ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื–ื” ื—ืชืžื• ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื• ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื, ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืงืฉื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื•ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ื“ืื– (ืชืฉืก"ื’).
ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ืŸ: ื) ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืจืžืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืจืžืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœื” ื•ืžื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ. ื‘) ืžื ื™ืขืช ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช. ื’) ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืฉืคื” ืื—ืช ืœืจื‘ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื. ื“) ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”.
ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื‘ื•ืจืš ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืฉืž"ื’ (1983) ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืง ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื” ื‘ื›ืฉืจื•ืช. ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื• ืื“ื ืฉืžืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื›ืฉืจ ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืชืขื•ื“ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืกืžื›ื• ืœื›ืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช. ื‘ื™ืช ืขืกืง ืฉืžืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื›ืฉืจ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืง ื–ื” ื•ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœืขื•ื ืฉ ืื• ืงื ืก ืžื ื”ืœื™. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื ืžื ืขื” ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื ื”ื•ื’ื” ืขื“ ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืื ื™ื ื•ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื”ื "ื›ืฉืจ" ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ื“ื ืชืขื•ื“ื” ืื• ืฉื•ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืœื›ืš ืžืฆื“ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœืชืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช.
ื‘ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉื›ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื "ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžืฉื’ื™ื—-ืžื•ืฉื’ื—" โ€“ ืงืจื™, ืฉื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืกืง ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืขืœื™ื•. ื‘ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืขื•ื“ ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื“ืจื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื•ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ื• ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืจืš.
ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืžื™ืžื•ืฉ
ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืฉื˜ื—. ื”ืชื ืื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉ"ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืข". ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื•ืœื ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืžืชื—ื“ืฉ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื, ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืจื™ื• ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืœื ื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจืฆื™ืฃ. ื•ื›ืš ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืคืจ ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื: "ืื ื• ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื›ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืืฉืจ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื ืœื• ืขืกืง ืขืžื”ืŸ, ื™ืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื›ืจืื•ื™, ื™ืชืžื—ื” ื‘ื•... "ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืงื•ื˜ ืขืœ ืฉืžืจื™ื•" (ืฉื, ืขืž' 4).
ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืงื•ืจื”. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘"ื›ื•ืฉืจื•ืช" ื ืชืงืœื ื• ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื‘ ืฉื ืชืŸ ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืœืจื™ื‘ืช ืชื•ืช ื•ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื“ืข ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืชื™ื ื™ืฉื ื ื—ืจืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ืืžื ื, ื›ืœ ืจื‘ ืžื›ื”ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ืกืžืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืขื‘ืจ ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง.
ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช: ื) ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื’ ื™ื“ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืชื•, ื‘) ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื ืžื•ืš ืžื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืจืžืช ื”ื”ืฉื’ื—ื”, ื’) ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื›ืจื ืžื‘ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืง ื›ืฉื–ื”ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืœ ืžืขื™ืงืจื•, ื“) ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืคื™ ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช, ืื•ืžืฅ ืœื‘ ื•ืชืงื™ืคื•ืช ื“ืขืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืžื•ืœ ืœื—ืฆื™ื ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื™ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ (ืฉื, ืขืž' 5).
ื‘ืงื“ื ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืžื›ื”ื ื™ื ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื”ื—ืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื”ื›ืฉืจืช ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ืžืกื•ื“ืจื™ื ืœืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืžืขื’ืœ. ืขื“ ืขืชื” ื ื‘ื—ื ื• ื•ื”ื•ืกืžื›ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืืœืคื™ื. ืžืขืจืš ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืžืขืจืš ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ. ืื‘ืœ ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืจืชืžื• ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื‘ื“ื•"ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฉื ืช 2008 ืขืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœืฉ ืขืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘: "ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืขืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ื”ื”ืกืžื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช".
ื’ื ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื˜ืจื ื ืคืชืจื” ื•ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ืฉื›ืจื ืžื‘ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืง. ืืžื ื, ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ื—ื•ืชืจืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘, ืืœื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ื•ืช. ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ืžืฆื• ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ, ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ืจื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ืฉื›ืจื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืžืขื‘ื™ื“.
ื ื•ืฉื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื” ื‘ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืœื ืžืงื•ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื’ื ื›ืŸ. ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืื•ื›ืคืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืืœื ื”ื™ื ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื”. ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2009: "ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ืจืง ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ื ืกืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื” ื‘ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืขื•ืžืก ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืช, ืืฃ ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืคื˜". ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ ื›ืœื™ื: 1. ืงื ืก ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื–ืขื•ื ืฉืœื ืžืจืชื™ืข. 2. ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืœ ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง.
ื›ื•ื— ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ
ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช. ืœืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘, ืืš ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช. ืžื‘ื ื” ืžืขืจืš ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื ื”ืœื™ื” ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื”. ื—"ื› ืืžืกืœื ื ื™ืกื” ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืก"ื— ื•ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืก"ื˜. ืื•ืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืžื” ื”ื—ื•ืง "ื ืงื‘ืจ" ื‘ืื™ื–ืฉื”ื• ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืฆื‘ืขื”.
ืœืื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืœืงื—ื” ืขืžื•ืชืช ื›ื•ืฉืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช, ื•ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคืจืกื•ื ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื›ื•ื— ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉื™ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืคืขืœืช ื›ืœืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžื‘ื•ืจื›ืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช.

ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื›"ืฅ ื”ื•ื ืžืจื‘ื ื™ "ื›ื•ืฉืจื•ืช" โ€“ ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื•ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื‘ื›ืฉืจื•ืช.
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