ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ
  • ื—ืงืช

ืฉืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื

ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
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16 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 60 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื“ืจืšืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืงื“ืžื• ืœื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื
ื–ึดื›ึฐืจื•ึผ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืชื•ึน
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืืžืจื•: "ืฉืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงื“ืžื• ืœื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ืจืื• ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ืฉืขืœื• ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœื”ื‘ืจืื•ืช". ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” (ื‘"ืจ). ืขืœ ืงื“ื™ืžืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื’ืžืจื: "ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืขืœื” ืžืฉื” ืœืžืจื•ื ืืžืจื• ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื: ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ืžื” ืœื™ืœื•ื“ ืืฉื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•? ืืžืจ ืœื”ืŸ: ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื. ืืžืจื• ืœืคื ื™ื•: ื—ืžื•ื“ื” ื’ื ื•ื–ื” ืฉื’ื ื•ื–ื” ืœืš ืชืฉืข ืžืื•ืช ื•ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืืชื” ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื™ืชื ื” ืœื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื?" (ืฉื‘ืช ืคื— ืข"ื‘).
ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืžืกืคืจ 974 ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื "ื–ึดื›ึฐืจื•ึผ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืชื•ึน. ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ืœึฐืึถืœึถืฃ ื“ึผื•ึนืจ: ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื›ึผึธืจึทืช ืึถืช ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื. ื•ึผืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึผืขึธืชื•ึน ืœึฐื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง: ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืžึดื™ื“ึถื”ึธ ืœึฐื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืœึฐื—ึนืง. ืœึฐื™ึดืฉึนึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ืขื•ึนืœึธื ื•ื›ื•'" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื). ืฉื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื”' ื›ืจืช ืื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืื•ืชื” ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื—ื•ืง ืืœืฃ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื” 26 ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช 974 ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.

ืžื™ืœื” ืงื“ืžื” ืœืขื•ืœื
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• (725)
ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
617 - ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื˜ื ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื
618 - ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื•
619 - ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื’ืื•ืœื”
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“
ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช) ืœื•ืžื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื“ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ื” ืœืืœืฃ ื“ื•ืจ" ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื”. ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืงื“ืžื” ืœืขื•ืœื ืชืชืง"ืค ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• 980 ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื ื™ืชื ื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• 20 ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืžืชื”ื™ืœื™ื "ื•ึฐื ึถืึฑืžึทืจ. ื–ึธื›ึทืจ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืชื•ึน. ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ืœึฐืึถืœึถืฃ ื“ึผื•ึนืจ: ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื›ึผึธืจึทืช ืึถืช ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื. ื•ึผืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึผืขึธืชื•ึน ืœึฐื™ึดืฉึนึฐื—ึธืง: ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืžึดื™ื“ึถื”ึธ ืœึฐื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืœึฐื—ึนืง. ืœึฐื™ึดืฉึนึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ืขื•ึนืœึธื" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงื”).

ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืžื™ ืฉืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืจื•ืื” ืฉื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื’ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ืชืžื•ืฉ ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื’ื ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ื™ืงืจื ื‘ืฉื ื”' ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ืžื• ืฉืขืฉื• ื”ืื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืขื•ืกืง ื”ืคืจืง ื‘ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึผ ืœื”' ืงึดืจึฐืื•ึผ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐืžื•ึน ื”ื•ึนื“ึดื™ืขื•ึผ ื‘ึธืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืขึฒืœึดื™ืœื•ึนืชึธื™ื•: ืฉืึดื™ืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ื–ึทืžึผึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ืฉื‚ึดื™ื—ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื ึดืคึฐืœึฐืื•ึนืชึธื™ื•".
ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื”ืคืฆืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ืžืžื ื”. ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื’ื ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืืช ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ึนื“ึดื™ืขื•ึผ ื‘ึธืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืขึฒืœึดื™ืœื•ึนืชึธื™ื•.

ืžืงื™ืžื™ ืื‘ื™ืชืจ ื”ืขื ืงื™ื
ืื ื™ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉื”ื•ืงื ื‘ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื•ืงืžื• ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืงืžืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื”ืงืžืช ืื‘ื™ืชืจ. ื›ืš ื”ืชืคืจืกื ืฉื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ ืžืชื ื’ื“ ืœื”ืงืžืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ื›ืš ื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืžื–ื›"ืœ ื”ืื•"ื ื•ื›ืš ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื›ืœื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜.
ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืขื ืง, ืขื•ืฉื” ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื›ืš ื’ื ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ื. ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœื ื™ืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื›ืขื ืงื™ื ื•ื™ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืœื—ื’ื‘ื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืขื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”' ื”ืงื™ื ื‘ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืœืžื–ืœื ื• ื™ืฉ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื›ืžื• ืขืœ ื—ื’ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื”ืงื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ืคื—ื“ื•, ื•ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื ื™ื™ืฉืจ ื›ื•ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ.

ื•ึฐืชึทื—ึทืช ื›ึผึดื™ ืึธื”ึทื‘ ืึถืช ืึฒื‘ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ
ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ืืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืœื ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ื. "ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ึทืขึฐืชึผึธ ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ื‘ึฐืฆึดื“ึฐืงึธืชึฐืšึธ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ื ึนืชึตืŸ ืœึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึนื‘ึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ืœึฐืจึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื”ึผ" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ ื•). "ื•ึฐืชึทื—ึทืช ื›ึผึดื™ ืึธื”ึทื‘ ืึถืช ืึฒื‘ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึทื™ึผึดื‘ึฐื—ึทืจ ื‘ึผึฐื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึน ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึผื•ึนืฆึดืึฒืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื• ื‘ึผึฐื›ึนื—ื•ึน ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ึนืœ ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื: ืœึฐื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ืฉื ื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื’ึผึฐื“ึนืœึดื™ื ื•ึทืขึฒืฆึปืžึดื™ื ืžึดืžึผึฐืšึธ ืžึดืคึผึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ืœึทื”ึฒื‘ึดื™ืึฒืšึธ ืœึธืชึถืช ืœึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ืึทืจึฐืฆึธื ื ึทื—ึฒืœึธื” ื›ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื“).

ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืช ืžึทื—ึฒืฉืึธื‘ื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐืœึถื‘ ืึดื™ืฉื ื•ึทืขึฒืฆึทืช ื”' ื”ึดื™ื ืชึธืงื•ึผื
ื–ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคืœืื” ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ืžื•ืœ ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•. "ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ื•ึผื ืึธืžึทืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึถื”ึดื™ ื”ื•ึผื ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืžึนื“". ื›ืœ ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ืื™ื ื•ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืœื ืขื–ืจื• ืœื”ื "ื”' ื”ึตืคึดื™ืจ ืขึฒืฆึทืช ื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื”ึตื ึดื™ื ืžึทื—ึฐืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึนืช ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื". ื•ื–ื• ืœื ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”. ื”ืกื•ืœื˜ืืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ืจืงื™ ืฉืฉืœื˜ ืขืœ ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ืื“ื™ืจื” ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืืคื™ืคื™ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงืŸ ืขื ื›ืœ ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—.
ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืคื˜ ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื•. ื›ืœ ื”ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื” ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื•, ื›ืœ ื”ืจื‘ืื™ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื ื™ืกื• ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื‘ืœืคื•ืจ ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื•. ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ืฉืคืœืฉื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ื”ื—ืœืฉื” ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื•. "ืขึฒืฆึทืช ื”' ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ืชึผึทืขึฒืžึนื“ ืžึทื—ึฐืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึนืช ืœึดื‘ึผื•ึน ืœึฐื“ึนืจ ื•ึธื“ึนืจ". ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ืžืœืžื“ ื›ื™ ื”' ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื–ื” ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“, ื•ืœื›ืŸ "ื™ึดื™ืจึฐืื•ึผ ืžื”' ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ื™ึธื’ื•ึผืจื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ื™ืฉืึฐื‘ึตื™ ืชึตื‘ึตืœ".

ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช
ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืžื™ืžืฉื• ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”. ื•ื›ืš ื–ื” ืชืžื™ื“, ื‘ืขืช ืฉื’ืœื™ื ื• ืžืืจืฆื ื• ื”' ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืฆืจ ื•ื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืก. ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฆืื” ื‘ืช ืงื•ืœ ื•ืืžืจื” ืœื• "ืงืžื— ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื˜ื—ื ืช, ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืจื•ืฃ ืฉืจืคืช". ื›ืš ื’ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”' ืžืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื. ื–ื›ื” ื”ืฉืจ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ' ืฉืขืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื–ื›ื• ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ืœืžืžืฉ ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ืฉื ืืžืจื• ืœืคื ื™ ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-2500 ืฉื ื™ื. "ืขื•ื“ ืชื˜ืขื™ ื›ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื™ ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ".
ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืช ื”ืืจืฅ
ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืงืฅ ืžื’ื•ืœื” ืžื–ื”
ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื–ื›ืจืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“, ื’' ืชืžื•ื–. ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื•ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืฉื“"ืž, ื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืคืœื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ืฉืžืชื’ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื•. ื•ื›ืš ืืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ื™:
"ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช - ื ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื›ื‘ืจ, ื•ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื”ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™-ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืกื›ืช ืกื•ื˜ื”: "ื—ื•ืฆืคื ื™ืกื’ื.. ื ืขืจื™ื ืคื ื™ ื–ืงื ื™ื ื™ืœื‘ื™ื ื•.. ื‘ืช ืงืžื” ื‘ืืžื”, ื›ื•'" ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื• ื ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื›ื‘ืจ... ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ "ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ื“ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ" (ื—"ื• ืœืœืžื“ ื”ื™ืคืš ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื "ื™, ืื‘ืœ, ืœื“ืื‘ื•ื ื ื•, ื›ืš ื”ื ืคื ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื).
ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ืกื™ืžืŸ ื“"ืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื’ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืืœื•" (ืฉืขืœ ื–ื” ืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ "ืื ืจืื™ืช ืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื’ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืืœื• ืฆืคื” ืœืจื’ืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—") - ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื›ื™ ืื—ืจื•ื ื”: ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกื™ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”: "ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืงืฅ ืžื’ื•ืœื” ืžื–ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ืืชื ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื ืคื™ื›ื ืชื ื• ื•ืคืจื™ื›ื ืชืฉืื• ืœืขืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื’ื•'". "ื›ืฉืชืชืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคืจื™' ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืคื”, ืื– ื™ืงืจื‘ ื”ืงืฅ ื›ื•'" (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฆื— ืข"ื). ื”ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืœื“ืื‘ื•ื ื ื• ืœื ื ืชืงื™ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื - ืžืืžืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ (ื”ื "ืœ) ืฉ"ื›ื“ ื™ื”ื ืงืจื™ื‘ ืœื™ื•ืžื ืžืฉื™ื—ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืจื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืœืžื ื–ืžื™ื ื™ืŸ ืœืืฉื›ื—ื ื˜ืžื™ืจื™ืŸ ื“ื—ื›ืžืชื".

ืžืจื•ื‘ ืื•ืจ ืžืชื’ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš
ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืืžืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ื–ื” ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉืงื˜ ื•ื™ื ืกื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ืœืขืฆื•ืจ. ื›ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœื ืœืคื—ื“ ืžื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื’ืื•ืœื”. "ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื”ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืืช ืžืฉื™ื— ืฆื“ืงื ื• ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื’ื ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืขื•ืžืช-ื–ื” ืฉืžื ื’ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืืช ืžืฉื™ื— ืฆื“ืงื ื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืœื—ื•ื ืขื ื”ืžื ื’ื“, ืฉื–ื”ื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ "ื™ืœื—ื ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”'" ืขื“ ืฉ"ื ืฆื—" (ืžื”ืชื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช-ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ืžืงืฅ, ืฉื‘ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื”'ืชืฉื "ื‘).

ืœื ืœื”ืชื™ืฉ ื›ื— ื”ืกื˜"ื ืืœื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
ืืžื ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš, ื›ื™ ื›ืคื™ ื”ื’ื“ืจืชื• ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืžื ืฆื—ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืจ, ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”. ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืื•ืจ ืฉืžื’ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš. "ื”ืจื™ ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืชื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืคืชื™ื ืจืง ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ืื’ื”"ืง ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืฉืœื•, ืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืชื™ืฉ ื›ื— ื”ืกื˜"ื ื›ื™ ื™ื•ืคืจื“ ื”ืจืข ืžื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื™ืชืคืจื“ื• ื›ืœ ืคื•ืขืœื™ ืื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื•', ืœืœื›ืช ืžื—ื™ืœ ืืœ ื—ื™ืœ, ืžื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื•' (ืื’ื”"ืง ืกื•ืฃ ืกื™' ื›"ื•). ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”.

ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช - ื”ืกื›ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™
ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื•ืขื–ืจื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช
ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืขืœ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืกื›ืžืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืคื™ืจื•ืง ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™. ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืฉื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ืคื•ืจืงื• 80% ืžื”ื ืฉืง ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื›ื™ืžื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืœื ืงื•ืจื” ืžืืœื™ื•. ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื• ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื•ืจื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื ืฉืง ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™, ื–ื” ืœื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืืœื™ื• ืฉื”ื ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื“ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ืœืคืจืง ืืช ื”ื ืฉืง ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืืช ื›ืกืคื ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืœื•ื.
ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืกื›ื ื–ื” ื™ืชืจื—ืฉ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ื•ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืจืืฉื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื•ื—ืจืจื” ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช. ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ื ื—ืชืžื• ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉื ื™, ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืคื, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื‘ื ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื”.
"ื”ืชืืกืคื• ื•ื”ืชื›ื ืกื• ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ืจืืฉื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื ื ืฉื™ืื™ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžืขืฆืžื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช, ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ื•ื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื• ืขืœ ืชืงื•ืคื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื โ€“ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื™ืชื‘ื˜ื ื’ื ื‘ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื›ืœื™ ื ืฉืง, ื•ืขื“ ืœืฉืœื•ื ื•ืื—ื“ื•ืช, ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ืขื–ืจื” ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ื›ื•ืœื”".

ืคืขื•ืœืช ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื—
ื›ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื ืืžืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• (ื‘, ื“): "ื•ึฐื›ึดืชึผึฐืชื•ึผ ื—ึทืจึฐื‘ื•ึนืชึธื ืœึฐืึดืชึผึดื™ื, ื•ึทื—ึฒื ึดื™ืชื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถื ืœึฐืžึทื–ึฐืžึตืจื•ึนืช. ืœึนื ื™ึดืฉึผื‚ึธื ื’ื•ึนื™ ืึถืœ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ ื—ึถืจึถื‘, ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึดืœึฐืžึฐื“ื•ึผ ืขื•ึนื“ ืžึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื”". ื•ืืœื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืืข"ืค ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื ื™ื›ืจ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. "ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ (ืžืขื™ืŸ ื•)ื”ืชื—ืœืช ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืขืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื, "ื•ืฉืคื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืœืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ืชืชื• ื—ืจื‘ื•ืชื ืœืืชื™ื ื•ื’ื•'" โ€“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื“ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ("ืœื‘ ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ ื”'") ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื•ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื•ืžืฆื‘ ื“"ื•ื›ืชืชื• ื—ืจื‘ื•ืชื ืœืืชื™ื" (ื‘ืฉื™ื—ืช ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืชืฉื "ื‘).

ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฆื“ืง ื•ื™ื•ืฉืจ, ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืื—ื“ื•ืช
ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื. ื›ืš ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื™ื—ื”: "ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ืœื• ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื’ืจืžื• ื”ืจืก ื•ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื โ€“ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื’ืžืจ ื•ืœืกื™ื•ื ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืช ืชืงื•ืคื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฆื“ืง ื•ื™ื•ืฉืจ, ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืื—ื“ื•ืช, ื›ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื•ื”ื›ืจื–ืช ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืžืชืงืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ("ืžืกื™ื ื™") "ื•ื›ืชืชื• ื—ืจื‘ื•ืชื ืœืืชื™ื".

ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืฆื“ืงื” ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื•ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช
"ื•ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช ืื•ื”"ืข ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื›ื–ืจื™ ืื—ืช ืืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื”, ื•ื”ืชืขืกืงื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื•ืขืœืช ืขืฆืžืŸ, ืื• ื‘ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘". ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ื’ื ื‘ืฆื“ืงื”. "ืžื”ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืชื•ืกืคื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืžืžืฉ ืฉื‘ื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืื™ืš ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืื•ื”"ืข ืžื›ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื’ืื•ืœื” โ€“ ืข"ื™ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืฉื ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, 'ืœืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฆืจื”'. ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื–ื• ืฉืœื—ื” ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ ื—ื™ืœ ืžืฆื‘ืื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื”ื, ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื•ืจืคื•ืื•ืช. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื ื™ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ, ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื–ื•".

ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื—ืœืง ืžืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืงืจื™ืกืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืจื•ืกื™ื” ื”ืจืฉืขื” ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืœื›ื• ืื—ืจื™ื”. ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื“ื™ื›ืื• ื‘ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš 70 ืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืžื ืขื• ืžื”ื ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ืืจืฆื, ืžื ืขื• ืžื”ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืืกืจื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื›ื• ืจื‘ื™ื ืœืžื—ื ื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ืกื™ื‘ื™ืจ. "ื•ื›ืขืช ื ืฉืชื ื” ื™ื—ืกื, ืฉืžืชื™ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื "ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืชื•ืž"ืฆ, ื•ืžืชื™ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื "ื™ ืœืฆืืช ืžืฉื (ืœืœื ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืคืขื), ื•ืื“ืจื‘ื” โ€“ ื”ื ืืฃ ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื "ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื ื” ืœื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื“ืื•ื”"ืข ืฉื‘ื "ื™ ื™ืฆืื• ืžื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื™ืœื›ื• ืœืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื”. ื•ื”ื ื” ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื, ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื”ืคื›ื•ืช ืจื•ื— ื”ืขื ืฉืžืืก ื‘ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื”ืชื”ืคื›ื•ืช ืจื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื“ืขืชื. ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ืคืขื•ืœืช ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื ื•ื ืฉืžืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื. ื•ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืฉื ืคืขืœ ื”"ื™ืœื—ื•ื ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”'" ื•ื™ื ืฆื— ื‘ื›ืžื” ืขื ื™ื ื™ื - ื•ื“ื•ืงื ืžืชื•ืš ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื" (ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืจื” ื”ืชืฉื "ื‘).

ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืฉื˜ืจื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื™ืฉืจ
ื’ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ ืžื“ื™ืงื˜ื˜ื•ืจื” ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™: "ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ืฆื“ืง ื•ื™ื•ืฉืจ, ืžืขื™ืŸ ื•ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื•ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ โ€“ ื ืชื™ื ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื ื™ ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื”, ืขื“ ืœื™ืฆื™ืืชื ืฉืœ ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ืžืขื™ืŸ ื•ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื•ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช (ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืดื˜ื•ืขืžื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ื›ื•ืด) ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—" (ืฉื™ื—ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืชื ืฉ"ื). ื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ืขื•ื“ : "ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™ ืžืžืฉ ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื•ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื ื™ืกื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• " (ืฉื™ื—ืช ื›"ื• ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉื "ื).

ื™ืฉ ื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืžืฉื™ื—
ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ื›ื‘ืจ ืคื•ืขืœืช. ื”ืฉืœื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื ืžืฆืืช ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื ืงืจื "ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—", ื•ื”ื•ื ืงื•ื“ื ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžื›ื•ื— ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ืžื›ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืงืจืืชื•: "ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื“'ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—' ืžืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืชื™ื›ืฃ ื›ืฉื ื™ืขื•ืจ ืขืฆื ื”ื ืฉืžื” (ืฉืžืชื’ืœื” ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ื•ืจืง ื”ืขืฆื) ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื ืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืื•ื™ืจ ืขื ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— โ€“ ืื•ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—, ื•ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื—ื–"ืœ 'ืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื—'.
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉ'ืื•ื™ืจ (ืจื•ื—) ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—' ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืœื” ื’ื ืž'ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—'. ื›ื™ ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ื“ืžืฉื™ื— ืข"ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• (ื›ืžื• 'ื™ืœื—ื ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”'' ืขื“ ืฉ'ื ืฆื—', ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘), ืžืฉื"ื› ืื•ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขืฆื (ื—ื™ื•ืช) ื“ืžืฉื™ื—. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• (ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ื’ื ืœืคื ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืœืžืœื›ื•ืช) ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื—, ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื• ('ืื•ื™ืจ' ืฉื‘ืื™ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ืž'ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—'), ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืœ ืข"ื™ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• (ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—)" (ืžืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื™ืœ ื”โ€™ ืคโ€™ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช, ืื“ืจ"ื— ื›ืกืœื•, ื•ืฉ"ืค ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช, ื‘โ€™ ื›ืกืœื• ื”โ€™ืชืฉื "ื‘).

ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
ื”ืจื”ืจื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ื“ืจื•ืช ื•ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืžื’ืื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืื ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื• ืœื. ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ืคืจืง ื– ื”) ืฉื›ืชื‘:"ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืฆื•ื• ืขืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื’ืืœื™ืŸ ืืœื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืกื•ืฃ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื’ืœื•ืชืŸ ื•ืžื™ื“ ื”ืŸ ื ื’ืืœื™ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ืื• ืขืœื™ืš ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื’ื•' ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขื“ ื”' ืืœื”ื™ืš ื•ืฉื‘ ื”' ืืœื”ื™ืš ื•ื’ื•'" . ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉ"ืค ื•ื™ื—ื™ ืชื ืฉ"ื ื›ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ื• ื ืขืฉืชื”. "ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœื ื”ืจื”ืจ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื•, ืฉืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืื—ื“ ืžืจืฉืข ื’ืžื•ืจ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื’ืžื•ืจ, ื›ืคืกืง-ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉ"ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืขืœ-ืžื ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง, ืืคื™ืœื• ืจืฉืข ื’ืžื•ืจ ืžืงื•ื“ืฉืช, ืฉืžื ื”ืจื”ืจ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื•".

ืื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆืœ ืžืืฉ โ€“ ื ืชื›ืคืจ ืœื”ื ื‘ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื
ื•ืžืœื‘ื“ ื–ืืช ื“ื•ืจื ื• ื”ื•ื ืื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆืœ ืžืืฉ, ื•ืื ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื—ื˜ื - ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื ืชื›ืคืจ ืœื• ื‘ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื. ื“ื•ืจื ื• ื–ื”, ืฉืืจื™ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื” ืžื”ืฉื•ืื” ืฉื‘ื” ื ื”ืจื’ื• ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ืฉืฉื” ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ืงื•ื ื“ืžื, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช "ืื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆืœ ืžืืฉ", "ื›ืื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ืฆืœ ืžืฉืจื™ืคื”". ื•ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื—ืก ืœืงื˜ืจื’ ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื•ืขืœ-ืื—ืช-ื›ืžื”-ื•ื›ืžื” ื‘ืงื˜ืจื•ื’ ื—ืžื•ืจ, ืฉื”ื ื”ื’ืชื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ืื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ืจ"ืœ, ื”ื™ืœ"ืช, "ืœื ืชืงื•ื ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืฆืจื”".
ื•ืžื™ ืฉื—ื˜ื ื”ื•ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืฉื•ื’ื’ ืืœื ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืฉื‘ื•: "ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื™ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื• ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื’ื ื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฉืคืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื• ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื—ืคืฉ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ื, ืฉื”ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืื•ื ืก ืฉืœ 'ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืฉื‘ื•'". ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื›ื™ ื”ื "ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืื ื•ืกื™ื, ื•ืื•ื ืก ืจื—ืžื ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื”. ื•ืœืื™ื“ืš ื’ื™ืกื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื•ืชื 'ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืฉื‘ื•' ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ (ื•ืขืœ-ืื—ืช-ื›ืžื”-ื•ื›ืžื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช) โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื™ืงืจ ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”".

ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ื ื—ื–ืจื• ืžืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—
ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ "ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื 'ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืฉื‘ื•' ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืจืš ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืขื“ ืฉืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื• ื•ื ืขืฉื• ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžืžืฉ, ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ื•ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืขื•ื–". ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื‘ื•ื ืชื™ื›ืฃ ื•ืžื™ื“. ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื’ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉืœ "ื•ึฐื–ึธืจึทืงึฐืชึผึดื™ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื›ึถื ืžึทื™ึดื ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ื ื•ึผื˜ึฐื”ึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ ื˜ึปืžึฐืื•ึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึผืžึดื›ึผึธืœ ื’ึผึดืœึผื•ึผืœึตื™ื›ึถื ืึฒื˜ึทื”ึตืจ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื" (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœ"ื• ื›"ื”).

ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืจื•ืกื™ื”
ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืจื•ืกื™ื”, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืชื—ืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื ืก ื’ื“ื•ืœ. "ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืืฆืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœื• ืฉื™ื•ืฆืื™ื (ื›ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื) ืžืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื”ื™ื, ืฉืžื‘ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืขื‘ืจื• ื•ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื™ื” ืขื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื”ืจื™ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื’ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ืฉืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืขื•ื“ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื–ื”, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ืขืฆืžื โ€“ ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื โ€“ ื ืขืฉื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ".

ืคืงื™ื—ืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื
ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ืคืชื—
ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืคื”. ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื” ืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ (ื•' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉื "ื‘): "ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืกื•ืฃ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื‘ื•ื, ืืœื ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืขืœ ืกืฃ ื”ืคืชื— ื•ืžื—ื›ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช ื•'ื™ืกื—ื•ื‘' ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื“ืจ".
ื›ืŸ ืืžืจ "ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืฉื”ื ืกื™ื ื”ืขื›ืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉ ืืฆืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ 'ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื', ื•ืฉ'ืœื ืืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื’ืืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ืืœื ืืฃ ืื•ืชื ื• ื’ืืœ ืขืžื”ื' โ€“ ื’ืื•ืœืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื•ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื•ืช" (ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ืื•ืœื” ื“"ื™ื’ืืœื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช ืขืœื™ื ื• ื›ื•'").

ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืจืง ืœืคืชื•ื— ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช
ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคืงื•ื— ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื: "ืžื–ื” ื™ืฉื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืืœื™ื: ื‘ืขืžื“ื ื• ื‘'ืฉื ืช ืืจืื ื• ื ืคืœืื•ืช' โ€“ ืื™ืคื” ืจื•ืื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช, ื•ืขื“ ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ื ืกื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื?! ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืจืง ืœืคืชื•ื— ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื“ืคืก ื‘ืขืชื•ื ื™ื โ€“ ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™ ืžืžืฉ ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื•ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช (ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ื ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื) ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•, ื”ื—ืœ ืžื›ืš ืฉ'ืœืžื›ื” ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื”ื', ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขืฆืžื ื‘ื™ื˜ืœื• ืืช ื”ื›ื— ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืฆื•ืจืจ ื ื’ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื (ื›ื•ืœืœ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื), ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืœืงื—, ื•ืžืฉืœื ืืช ื”ื”ื™ื–ืงื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื’ื โ€“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื‘ื™ืื".

ื ื™ืกื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื ืก ืคื•ืจื™ื
ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉืื ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื”ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื—ื’ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื. "ื•ืื“ืจื‘ื”: ื ืก ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื ืก ื”ืžืœื•ื‘ืฉ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื›ืš ืฉืจืง ืข"ื™ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื“ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ ืขื 'ื‘ืฉื ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืœืžืœื›ื•' ื•ืขื 'ื‘ืฉื ืช ืฉื‘ืข ืœืžืœื›ื•ืชื•' ื•ืขื 'ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืช ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ืœืžืœื›ื•ืชื•' ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืืกืชืจ ืœืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ ื•ื”ืžืŸ ื•ื›ื•' โ€“ ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉืš ื•ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื•ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ื‘ื–ื” โ€“ ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ื• ื™ื“ ื”ืฉื. ืžืฉื"ื› ื‘ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ื”ืขื›ืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื™ื™ื, ื’ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืœื ืจืง ืœื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืœื ื’ื ืœืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื" (ืฉื™ื—ืช ื›"ื• ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชื ืฉ"ื).

ื•ึฐืœึนื ื ึธืชึทืŸ ื”' ืœึธื›ึถื ืœึตื‘ ืœึธื“ึทืขึทืช ื•ึฐืขึตื™ื ึทื™ึดื ืœึดืจึฐืื•ึนืช ื•ึฐืึธื–ึฐื ึทื™ึดื ืœึดืฉืึฐืžึนืขึท ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”
ืคืงื™ื—ืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ืช ืœื”ื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ืžืžืฉ ื›ืฉื ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืชืขื›ื‘ื• ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฆืื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ืงืจืข ื”ื™ื ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืขืฆื™ืžืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื (ื•ื–ื” ืคืœื ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฆื•ื ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื). ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช ื”ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืœื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื: "ืึทืชึผึถื ืจึฐืึดื™ืชึถื ืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœึพืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื”' ืœึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื›ึถื ื‘ึผึฐืึถึฃืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืœึฐืคึทืจึฐืขึนื” ื•ึผืœึฐื›ึธืœึพืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึธื™ื• ื•ึผืœึฐื›ึธืœ ืึทืจึฐืฆื•ึน: ื”ึทืžึผึทืกึผื•ึนืช ื”ึทื’ึผึฐื“ึนืœึนืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืจึธืื•ึผ ืขึตื™ื ึถื™ืšึธ ื”ึธืึนืชึนืช ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึนืคึฐืชึดื™ื ื”ึทื’ึผึฐื“ึนืœึดื™ื ื”ึธื”ึตื".
ื•ืื•ืœื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื”ื ืœื ืฉืžื• ืœื›ืš ืœื‘. "ื•ึฐืœึนื ื ึธืชึทืŸ ื”' ืœึธื›ึถื ืœึตื‘ ืœึธื“ึทืขึทืช ื•ึฐืขึตื™ื ึทื™ึดื ืœึดืจึฐืื•ึนืช ื•ึฐืึธื–ึฐื ึทื™ึดื ืœึดืฉืึฐืžึนืขึท ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”". ืจืง ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ื”ื ืฉืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžื•ืคืœื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืื– ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ื•ื›ืฉื”ื ืคื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื - ื ืคืชื—ืช ืœื”ื ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืงื•ืจื™ื ืื™ืชื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื•: ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืืช ื”"ืขื™ื ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื•(ื‘ืžื™ืœื) ืื–ื ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข" ื•"ืœื‘ ืœื“ืขืช" โ€“ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช "ื”ืžืกื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืจืื• ืขื™ื ื™ืš ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืคืชื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื”ื", ืืช ื”ื ืกื™ื ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืงื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื โ€“ ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”
ื”ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืžืจืช ื›ื™ ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ื”ืžืœืš ืœื ืืžืจ ืฉื™ืจื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื™ื—. "ื•ืขื•ื“ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจ: ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื•ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— ืœื”' ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื”, ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชื ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืจืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ื–ื” ื’ื ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื™ืืช ืžืฉื™ื— ืฆื“ืงื ื• ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืžืจืช: 'ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื™' ืžืฉื™ื— .. ืืžืจื” ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” .. ื—ื–ืงื™' ืขืฉื™ืช ืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื”ืœืœื• (ืฉื ื™ืฆืœ ืžืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘ ื•ื ืชืจืคื ืžื—ืœื™ื•) ื•ืœื ืืžืจ ืฉื™ืจื” ืœืคื ื™ืš ืชืขืฉื”ื• ืžืฉื™ื—'. ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื ื•, ืฉืคื™ืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ื–ืžื ื ื• โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ื‘ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžืžืฉ!".

ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื
ื•ืžื–ื” ืžืชืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื•ืจืื” ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช: "ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืื” โ€“ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ 'ืคื™ืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื', ืœืคืจืกื ืืฆืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืฆืœ ื”ื–ื•ืœืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื•ืžืงื•ื โ€“ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืขื™ืžื ื•, ืžืชื•ืš ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืฉื‘ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื”!" (ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ื”ืชืฉื "ื‘).

ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉ ืœืฆืืช ื‘ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื™ื
ืขื•ื“ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื•ืื•ืžืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืจื™ืงื•ื“: "ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื• ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจืื” ืืช ื”ื ืกื™ื (ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื ืœืขืช ืขืชื”) โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ืงืœ, ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื ื•ืขื ื•ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื‘, ืžืกืคื™ืง ืฉื™ืขื•ืจืจื•ื”ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ืคืขื ืื—ืช. ื•ื™ื”"ืจ ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืœืกืคืจ ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื ืกื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื™ืจืื” ื•ืจื•ืื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™, ืžืจืื” ื‘ืืฆื‘ืขื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื–ื”, ื•ืžื›ื™ืจ ื•ืžื•ื“ื” ืœื”' ืขืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉ ืœืฆืืช ื‘ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื™ื. ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืฉื›ื ืข ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœืจืงื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ืจืขื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืจืื”, ืืœื ืื“ืจื‘ื: ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืืžืช ืœืืžื™ืชื•, ื] ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืจืื” ื ื™ืกื™ื ื’ืœื•ื™ื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘] ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”". ืืžืŸ ื•ืืžืŸ.

ื ืก ืคืš ื”ืฉืžืŸ
ืืช ื‘ืจ-ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืขืจื›ื• ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช ืฉืชื—ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ 2. ื›ืฉื‘ื ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ ื›ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ืจืืฉื™ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื, ืืš ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื•ื’ื ืืช ื‘ืจ-ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืจ-ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื— ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื•ืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืงื”, ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื—ืœืง ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืžืื•ืชื• ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™.
ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช ืฉืžืขื” ื•ื ื“ื”ืžื”: "ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืœืง ืœื›ืœ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืžืื•ืชื• ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื•ืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ?", ืืš ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจื’ื™ืข ืื•ืชื” ื•ืืžืจ ืœื” ืฉื™ื—ืœืง ืœื”ื ืขื ื›ืคื™ืช. ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ืกืคื™ืง, ื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืืžืจื” ื“ื‘ืจ. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ืจ-ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ื ืืœื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื›ื•ืœื ื•ืขื•ื“ ื ืฉืืจ.

ืžืขืฉื” ืžืคื˜ื™ืจืช ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžื—ื‘"ื“
ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืขื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื ื›ื ืก ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™, ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืืœ ืžื•"ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื• ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืกืžื•ืš ืœื—ืฆื•ืช ืœื™ืœื”. ืžื” ืฉื™ื“ื•ืข ืžืื•ืชื” ืฉื™ื—ื” ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืฉื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืœืฉื•ื ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ื‘ืฉืืœื”: "ื”ืื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ืฆื•ืช ืื• ืื—ืจื™ื•?"
ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžื” ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื”. ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ื ืกืข ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืœืกืืŸ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ืœืืจื•ืข ื›ืœืฉื”ื•, ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ื”ื•ื ืงื™ืฆืจ ืืช ืฉื”ื•ืชื• ื‘ืกืืŸ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ื•ืžื™ื”ืจ ืœื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง, ืฉื ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื” ื”ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื”. ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืœื, ืื™ืš ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืกื•ืฃ ืžืกืข ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืกืคื™ื“ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.

ื”ืจื‘ ืœื ื ืฉืืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘
ืื—ื“ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื ื—ืžื™ื ืฉืฉืžืขื ื•, ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ืข"ื”, ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื”: ื“ืขื• ืœื›ื ื›ื™ ืžืื– ืฉื—ื–ืจืชื™ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื›ืœ ืฆืขื“ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ โ€“ ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืฉืœื™, ืฉืคืจื•ืกื™ื ืขืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช.
ื›ืฉื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ื ืคื˜ืจ, ืœื ื”ืกื›ืžืชื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื•ืœื ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ. ืœื ื”ืืžื ืชื™ ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ, ื™ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื™ืขื–ื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื‘ื“. ืžื™ ื™ืขื ื” ืœื ื• ื•ืžื™ ื™ื“ืจื™ืš ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ืžื™ ื™ืื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืคื ื™ื?
ื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืœื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื“ืจื™ืš ืื•ืชื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืœื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“. ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™. ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืืœื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืจื‘ ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช. ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœื™. ื”ืจื‘ ืืžืจ ืœื™: "ืฉืืœ ืืช ืฉืืœื•ืชื™ืš".
ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™, ื”ืจื‘ ืขืฆื ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ืืžืจ ืœื™: "ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื ื•ืช ืœืš ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื•. ืืชื” ืฉืืœืช ืื•ืชื” ืืช ื”ืจื‘ื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื ื•ืช ืœืš ืขืœื™ื”". "ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ืขื ื” ืœื™?" โ€“ ืฉืืœืชื™. "ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœื ื ืฉืืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘. ืื ืฉืืœืช ืื•ืชื•, ื”ื•ื ื™ืขื ื” ืœืš. ืœืš ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• ื•ืชืชืคืœืœ ืฉื, ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื’ื ืชืงื‘ืœ". "ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ืืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”?" โ€“ ืฉืืœืชื™ ื•ืคืจืฆืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื›ื™. "ืžื” ืื›ืคืช ืœืš ืื™ืš ืชืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”? ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉืชืงื‘ืœ".
"ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™. ืœื ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืฉื ืžืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ืืœืš ืœืฉื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•" โ€“ ืืžืจืชื™ ื•ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื•, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื›ื”. ืœื ื”ืกื›ืžืชื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืœืจื‘ื™ ื•ืœื ื”ืกื›ืžืชื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื. ืœื ื”ืกื›ืžืชื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื–ื” ืฉื”ืจื‘ื™ ืขื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื•. ื›ืš ืขืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืžืจ ืœื‘ื™. ื›ืฉื ืจื’ืขืชื™ ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœื—ื“ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘, ืฉื™ืฉื‘ ื•ื—ื™ื›ื” ืœื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžื” ืื‘ื”ื™ืช: "ืœืš ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™, ืœื ืชืฆื˜ืขืจ".
ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ื•ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื™ ืœืฉื ื ื˜ืคืœ ืืœื™ ืื™ื–ื” ืื“ื ื•ื”ื—ืœ ืœืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืขืœื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืฉืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ื™, ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™: ื”ื ื” ื–ื” ื‘ื. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื‘ืœ. ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื–ื• ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื”ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœื— ืœื™. ืคืขืœืชื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ื” ื•ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™, ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขืฆื•ืช ืฉื”ืจื‘ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื•.
ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืงื‘ืœื ื™ ื•ืืžืจ ืœื™: "ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœื ื ืฉืืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘!"
ื”ืื™ืฉ ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืืœื™ื ื• ื•ืืžืจ: ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ืื‘ื“ ืื‘ื. ืื‘ืœ ื“ืขื• ืœื›ื, ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืœื ื ืฉืืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘.

ื—ื‘ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ืื•ืœื” . ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื ื•? ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื”' ืฉื”ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื–ื” ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื’ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืžื•ืกืจื™ ืœืคื—ื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืคื—ื“ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื˜ืจื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจื•. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืืœ ื”ืœื‘. ื”ืœื‘ ืขืฆืžื• ืžืœื ื‘ื—ืจื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ. ืคื—ื“ื™ื ื•ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืืฃ ืžืงืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืžื™, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืงืฆืช ื—ื•ืกืžื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืžืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื•ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืื ื™ ืžืฉืขืจ ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื›ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ื’ื ืื‘ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ืืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ. ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืจืง ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ื›ืžื” ืžืœื—ืžื” ืงืฉื” ื”ื™ื ืชื”ื™ื”, ืžืžืฉ ืžืงืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ื™ ืœืฉืื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช.

ื“ืข ืœืš ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืขื” ืžืื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืœืื•ืชื• ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ืœื“ื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช. ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืจื•ืข ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืืžื ื ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืœ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืžืงื•ื ืžื•ื›ืจ ื•ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื ื–ืจื•ืขื”. ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ื—ืฆื™ืœื™ื, ืงื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืžื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืืœื™ื•, ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืžื•ื— ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื• ืœื”ืฆื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืื•ืœื”. ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ืืช ืคื ื™ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืœื ืฆื—. ืื‘ืœ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืฉืš ืขื ืŸ ื•ืขืจืคืœ. ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš. ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืกืคืจืช ืฉื”ื ื”ืชืžืงื“ื• ื‘ืืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ืคื—ื“ื• ืžืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ื™ืžื•ืชื•. ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื˜ืขื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™. ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืคื™ ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ. ื˜ื•ื‘ ื ืฆื—ื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช. ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืขืฆื•ื ืฉืœ ื—ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื–ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”. ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ืœื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ.


ืื—ื™ื• ื™ื™ืงื•ื ื“ืžื• . ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื—ื™ ื ื”ืจื’ ื‘ืขื–ื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื— ืž"ืค ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืขื–ื”. ื”ืชืงืฉืจื• ืืœื™ ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื™ ืฉืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื• ืœืฆืืช ืžืฉื. ืœื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืื•ืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื“ืื’ื” ื•ืงื•ืฉื™, ืืš ื”ื ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืขืœื™ื•. ืืฉืžื— ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื“ืขืช ื”ืจื‘ ืžื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ื˜ื•ืืฆื™ื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช.

ืืฉืจื™ื›ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืฉืืœื•ืช ื›ืืœื”. ื–ื• ืœื ืฉืืœื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื™ ืฉืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืืช ื”ืื— ืœืฆืืช. ื’ื ืื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื ืœืฆืืช ืœืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื• ืœืฆืืช. ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื™ื›ื ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืื—ืจืื™ ืžืื•ื“, ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื‘ืขื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ื›ื–ื•. ื”' ื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืžื•.
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ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฆืคืช. ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ.
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืœืžื” ืคื™ืฉืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืœืžื” ืคื™ืฉืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
  • ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”
    52 ื“ืง'
    ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”

    ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”

    ืืžื•ื ื” ื›"ื˜ -ืœ"ื

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”: ืžื—ื“ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืขื•ื– ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ื”', ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืœืขื“ืŸ ื•ืœืจื›ืš ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ืคืจืื™ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืœืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื—ื™ื™ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžืœืื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื
    45 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืš ื•ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง ื’ื–ืœ , ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
    29 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื ื— ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื”ืืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื ื•ื— ืจื•ืžื– ืืœื™ื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ื›ืžืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื— ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉื–ื™ื›ืชื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ" ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื
    25 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื—ื˜ื ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ื’ื•ืฃ, ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื›ืœ ื•ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ืžืื•ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืชื• ื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื—.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช

    ืขื‘ื“ืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื -ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืœืฆื“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช
    40 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื "ืกืคื™ืงื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื", ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ("ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”") ื•ืžืงื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืง. ืžืชื•ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”"ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช", ื”"ืชื•ืžื™ื" ื•ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืค, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื• ืคืจืง ื›"ื– - ื›"ื—

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ืจืฆื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘
    ื ื—

    ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืžื•ืœ ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ืชื•, ื“ืจืš ืžืคื’ืฉื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื—ื ื ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืื• ืžืกื—ืจ ืขื ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืืœื ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืง"ืก

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื ืฉ ื ืงืžื ื™, ืืœื ื”ืชืคื›ื—ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื•ื—ืฉ ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื•. ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื–ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืœื ืขืจ ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœ ื˜ื‘ืขื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“
    44 ื“ืง'
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืงืก"ื‘ - ืงืก"ื“

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” โ€“ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืขืชื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” โ€“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง. ื“ืจืš ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—
    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?
    46 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?

    ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ 'ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื' ื‘ืฉื 'ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื' ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

    ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื ื™ืœืžื“ื• ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื | ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื•, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืœืžื“ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื‘ื’ืจื•ืชื• | ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืจื—ื‘, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” | ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“, ืฉื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืขื•ืœืžื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ืขื™ืžื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ | ืขื™ืงืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื™ืงื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื‘ื ื“ื”ืœื›ืชื | ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืขื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ 20 ื™ืงื™ืคื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืขื ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจื• ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืžืคืจืฉื™ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–

    ืงึตืฅ ื›ื‡ึผืœ ื‘ึธึผืฉึธื‚ืจ ื‘ึธึผื ืœึฐืคึธื ึทื™ - ืžื”ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืงึตืฅ ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื”, ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืงึตืฅ ืืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžืชื—ืœื”. ืžึดื›ื‡ึผืœ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ - ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ื“ืื ื”ื•ื ืœึฐืšึธ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื›ืœ. ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื•ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืคืจืฉื”. ืœืžื” ืฉืœื— ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื•ืจื‘ ื•ื™ื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืœื ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืจื—ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื.

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืืžืจ ื ื— ืคื–
    ื ื—

    ืžืืžืจ ื ื— ืคื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื–
    30 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”
    47 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช, ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช

    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืจืชืง ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ืžืคื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช (ื›ื•ืœืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื”), ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ื›ื–ื™ืช ื•ื›ื‘ื™ืฆื”, ื“ื™ื ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื—ืœื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืžื•ืคืช ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ื”ืชืžื“ืชื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื‘' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il