ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ื ื’
  • ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื•ืžื— ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืžื ื”ื’
  • ืฆื•ืžื— ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื
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4 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ืืจื™ื” ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืžืฉื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–"ืœ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื“ืจืšืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ
ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ืœืื™ื™ื ื ื•ื’ืข ื’ื ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™ื˜, ื™ื˜): "ืืช ื—ืงืชื™ ืชืฉืžืจื•, ื‘ื”ืžืชืš ืœื ืชืจื‘ื™ืข ื›ืœืื™ื". ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ืœื–ื•ื•ื’ ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” ื•ืืฃ ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ื‘ื”ืžืชืš', ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื™ ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื. ืื ื›ืŸ, ืœืžื” ืืžืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” 'ื‘ื”ืžืชืš'? ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื (ื‘"ืง ื ื“, ื‘). ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืกื•ืจ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ื–ื™ื•ื•ื’ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืžืžืฉ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื›ื ืกืช "ืžื›ื—ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉืคื•ืคืจืช" (ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืื™ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื›ืจื™ ื‘ื ืงื‘ื™). ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืืกืจื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœื”ื–ื“ื•ื•ื’ ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขืœื” ื–ื›ืจ ืžืžื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื ืงื‘ื” ืžืžื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ืœื”ื–ื“ื•ื•ื’ ืื™ืชื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืžื›ืœืื” ืื—ืช (ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืจืฆื–, ื‘-ื’).

ื›ื™ื•ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื—ืช ื–ืจืข ืฉืœ ื–ื›ืจ ืžืžื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ืงื‘ื” ืžืžื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ, ืœื”ืคืจื•ืชื ื‘ืžื‘ื—ื ื” ื•ืื—"ื› ืœืฉืชื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื—ื ื”ื ืงื‘ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื•ื•ืœื“ ืžื™ืŸ ื›ืœืื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจืฉื” ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื. ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืจื‘ืขื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ืขื” ื”ื™ื ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ืฉืžื–ื•ื•ื’ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืžืžื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืขื ื ืงื‘ื” ืžืžื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื˜ื‘ืขื, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื–ืจืข ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืช ื•ืžืคืจื™ื ืื•ืชื - ืื™ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ืขื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืื™ืกื•ืจ. ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ืจื” ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืื™ืœืŸ 1 . ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืœื• ื’ื ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื•ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื›ืš ืฉืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืชื•ืขืœืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืœื”ื˜ื‘ืช ืžืฆื‘ื•, ืชื•ืš ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ื ื–ืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื•ืœื ืื• ื”ืคืจืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืืงืœื•ื’ื™.

ืžืขืžื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ืœื“ ืžื”ืจื‘ืขื”
ืืฃ ืฉื™ืฉื ื• ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืจื‘ื™ืข ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช ืื• ื—ื™ื•ืช ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื ื ื•ืœื“ ืžื”ืจื‘ืขื” ื–ื• ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื›ืœืื™ื™ื - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืžื ื•. ืื ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืœื“ ืžื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื” ืฉื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœืื›ื™ืœื”, ืื–ื™ ืืฃ ื”ื ื•ืœื“ ืžื”ื ื›ืฉืจ ืœืื›ื™ืœื”. ื•ืื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื•ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ืืกื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื’ื ื”ื•ื•ืœื“ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ืืš ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” (ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืจืฆื–, ื”).

ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืจื“, ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื–ื“ื•ื•ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืžื•ืจ ืขื ืกื•ืก. ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื–ื•ื•ื’ื™ื ืกื•ืกื™ื ื•ืืชื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืคืจื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ืžื” ืฉืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ื ืฉื™ืืช ืžืฉืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ืจื™ืฉื”. ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืกื•ืจ ืœื–ื•ื•ื’ ืกื•ืก ื•ืืชื•ืŸ ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืืฃ ืœื‘ืŸ ื ื— ืืกื•ืจ ืœื–ื•ื•ื’ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ืขื‘ืจ ืื“ื ื•ื–ื™ื•ื•ื’ื, ืื• ืฉื”ื–ื“ื•ื•ื’ื• ืžืขืฆืžื, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื ื• ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคืจื“ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื•. ืขื•ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ, ืฉืจืง ื”ืจื‘ืขืช ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” ืืกื•ืจื”. ืื‘ืœ ืฉื ื™ ื–ื ื™ื ืฉืžืื•ืชื• ื”ืžื™ืŸ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืจื‘ื™ืข ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืจื‘ื™ืข ืฉื•ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืคืจื•ืช ืžื–ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื–ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ืฉื™ื, ืื• ื–ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืชื•ืœื™ื ืื• ื›ืœื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ื–ื ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ืชื• ื”ืžื™ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ื–ื” ืœื–ื”, ืืกื•ืจ ืœื–ื•ื•ื’ื.

ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื ืงื‘ืขืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ืŸ, ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื”ืžื“ืขื™ืช ืฉื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ืขื™ ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื•ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืื•ืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืŸ, ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืžืชืงื•ืคื” ืœืชืงื•ืคื”.

ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœืื™ื™ื
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืจื‘ื™ืข ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ื–ื” ืขืœ ื–ื”, ืืกืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืœื—ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ืื• ืœืจืชื•ื ืืช ื”ืขื’ืœื” ืœืกื•ืก ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ. ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื‘, ื™): "ืœื ืชื—ืจืฉ ื‘ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื—ืžื•ืจ ื™ื—ื“ื•". ื•ื ืชื ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืืœื• ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื™ืชื™ื ืฉื ื•ื— ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื™ืชื, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืกื•ืจ 2 . ื•ืœื ืจืง ื”ืขื’ืœื•ืŸ ืฉืจื•ืชื ืืช ื”ืกื•ืก ื•ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ืœืขื’ืœืชื• ื•ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื™ื›ืชื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ืืœื ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื“ื•, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ ืฉืžืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืงื•ืœื• - ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืžืฉื•ืš ื”ืœืื” ืืช ื”ืขื’ืœื” ืื• ื”ืžื—ืจืฉื”, ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืชื•ืจื” (ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืจืฆื–, ื™ื, ื™ื’, ื™ื“).

ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื ื— ืžื•ืชืจื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื ืฉื›ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื’ื•ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ืกื—ื•ืจืชื• ืœืขื™ืจ ืื—ืจืช, ื•ื”ื’ื•ื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืขื’ืœื” ื”ืจืชื•ืžื” ืœืกื•ืก ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื”. ื•ื–ืืช ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœื ื™ื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ื’ื•ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื ืืช ืžืฉืื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกื•ืก ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ (ืขืจื•ื”"ืฉ ื™ื•"ื“ ืจืฆื–, ื›ื). ืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืขื’ืœื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ื™ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืœื™ืš ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกื•ืก ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขื’ืœื” ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืžืžืฉื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื ืœื ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขื’ืœื” - ื”ืขื’ืœื•ืŸ ืœื ื™ืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืžืฉื•ืš ื”ืขื’ืœื” (ืฉื•"ืข ืฉื ื™ื‘). ืขื•ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ืœืื™ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื“ื ืฉืจื•ื›ื‘ ืขืœ ืกื•ืก ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœืชืคื•ืก ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื—ื‘ืœ ืฉืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื›ืœื‘. ืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืืช ืจืฆื•ืขืช ื”ื›ืœื‘ ืœืื•ื›ืฃ ื”ืกื•ืก, ืฉืื ื™ืงืฉื•ืจ, ื™ื—ื‘ืจื• ื”ืกื•ืก ื•ื”ื›ืœื‘ ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ื›ืœื‘ ื™ืงื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ืก ื•ื™ืžืฉื•ืš ืืช ื”ืกื•ืก ืงื“ื™ืžื”, ื•ื ืžืฆื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ืœืื™ ื‘ื”ืžื” (ืขืจื•ื”"ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื˜).

ืืฃ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืกื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื• ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ืชืŸ ื˜ืขื ืžืกื•ื™ื ื’ื ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื• ื›ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ื’ื–ืจื•ืช. ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื›ืชื‘ (ืžื•"ื  ื—"ื’ ืž"ื˜), ืฉืื™ืกื•ืจ ื–ื” ื ื•ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื—ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื–ื” ืžื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื ื™ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืจื‘ืขืช ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื™ื ื•. ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš (ืชืง"ืŸ) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืœืฆืขืจื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ื ื•, ื•ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ืขื ื™ืฆืจืคื•ื”ื• ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ, ื™ืกื‘ื•ืœ. ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช ืžื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื”, ื•ื›ืฉืœื ื™ืžืฉื›ื• ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืขื’ืœื” ืื• ื”ืžื—ืจืฉื”, ื™ืกื‘ืœื•.

^ 1 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืฉืขื•ืจ "ื™ืกื•ื“ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ืœืื™ ื”ืื™ืœืŸ ื‘ืคืจืง "ื”ืจื›ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื›ืœืื”". ื”ืขื•ืจืš.
^ 2. ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื•ืื—ื“ ื˜ืžื, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ - ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืขื•ื ืฉื• ืžืœืงื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžืžื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ืื• ื˜ืžื - ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ, ื›ืœ ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื˜ืžืื™ื ื›ืกื•ืก ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื - ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขื•ื ืฉื• ืžืœืงื•ืช. ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืจืข"ื ื•ื”ืคืจ"ื— (ืคื•, ื•) ืฉื›ืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืชื ืจืง ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœืื™ ื‘ื”ืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื›ืœืื™ ื”ืจื‘ืขื” ื’ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื•ื“ื” ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ืžืื™ื.
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ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“

ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจืช ืกืคืจื™ "ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื”".
  • ืืฉืžืชื ืฉืœ ื–ืงื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืืฉืžืชื ืฉืœ ื–ืงื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื–
  • ืชื•ืจื” ืœืฉืžื” - ืœื ืคื” ื•ืœื ืฉื
    58 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

    ืชื•ืจื” ืœืฉืžื” - ืœื ืคื” ื•ืœื ืฉื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืคืจืง ื‘'

    ื˜"ื– ืื“ืจ ื‘' ืชืฉืข"ื
  • ืคืจืฉื™ื™ืช ื’ื™ื•ืจื™ ื•ื™ื ื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืคืจืฉื™ื™ืช ื’ื™ื•ืจื™ ื•ื™ื ื”

    ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื’
  • ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช, ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื•
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช, ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื•

    ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื“
ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื•ืžื— ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื
ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื•ืžื— ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื›ื˜ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื›ื˜ืจ
  • ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืฅ (ื›ืฆืœ'ื”)
     ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืฅ (ื›ืฆืœ'ื”)
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืกื‘ืชื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืกื‘ืชื•
  • ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”
    52 ื“ืง'
    ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”

    ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”

    ืืžื•ื ื” ื›"ื˜ -ืœ"ื

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”: ืžื—ื“ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืขื•ื– ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ื”', ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืœืขื“ืŸ ื•ืœืจื›ืš ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ืคืจืื™ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืœืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื—ื™ื™ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžืœืื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื
    45 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืš ื•ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง ื’ื–ืœ , ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
    29 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื ื— ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื”ืืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื ื•ื— ืจื•ืžื– ืืœื™ื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ื›ืžืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื— ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉื–ื™ื›ืชื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ" ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื
    25 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื—ื˜ื ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ื’ื•ืฃ, ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื›ืœ ื•ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ืžืื•ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืชื• ื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื—.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช

    ืขื‘ื“ืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื -ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืœืฆื“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช
    40 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื "ืกืคื™ืงื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื", ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ("ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”") ื•ืžืงื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืง. ืžืชื•ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”"ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช", ื”"ืชื•ืžื™ื" ื•ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืค, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื• ืคืจืง ื›"ื– - ื›"ื—

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ืจืฆื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘
    ื ื—

    ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืžื•ืœ ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ืชื•, ื“ืจืš ืžืคื’ืฉื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื—ื ื ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืื• ืžืกื—ืจ ืขื ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืืœื ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืง"ืก

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื ืฉ ื ืงืžื ื™, ืืœื ื”ืชืคื›ื—ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื•ื—ืฉ ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื•. ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื–ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืœื ืขืจ ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœ ื˜ื‘ืขื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“
    44 ื“ืง'
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืงืก"ื‘ - ืงืก"ื“

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” โ€“ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืขืชื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” โ€“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง. ื“ืจืš ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—
    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?
    46 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?

    ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ 'ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื' ื‘ืฉื 'ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื' ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

    ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื ื™ืœืžื“ื• ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื | ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื•, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืœืžื“ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื‘ื’ืจื•ืชื• | ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืจื—ื‘, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” | ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“, ืฉื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืขื•ืœืžื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ืขื™ืžื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ | ืขื™ืงืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื™ืงื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื‘ื ื“ื”ืœื›ืชื | ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืขื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ 20 ื™ืงื™ืคื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืขื ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจื• ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืžืคืจืฉื™ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–

    ืงึตืฅ ื›ื‡ึผืœ ื‘ึธึผืฉึธื‚ืจ ื‘ึธึผื ืœึฐืคึธื ึทื™ - ืžื”ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืงึตืฅ ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื”, ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืงึตืฅ ืืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžืชื—ืœื”. ืžึดื›ื‡ึผืœ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ - ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ื“ืื ื”ื•ื ืœึฐืšึธ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื›ืœ. ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื•ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืคืจืฉื”. ืœืžื” ืฉืœื— ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื•ืจื‘ ื•ื™ื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืœื ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืจื—ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื.

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืืžืจ ื ื— ืคื–
    ื ื—

    ืžืืžืจ ื ื— ืคื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื–
    30 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”
    47 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช, ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช

    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืจืชืง ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ืžืคื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช (ื›ื•ืœืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื”), ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ื›ื–ื™ืช ื•ื›ื‘ื™ืฆื”, ื“ื™ื ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื—ืœื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืžื•ืคืช ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ื”ืชืžื“ืชื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื‘' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il