ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืืจืฅ ืื’ื“ื”
  • ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช
  • ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช
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12 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื“ืจืšืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš

ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžื™ื›ื” (ื“,ื—) ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื ื‘ื•ืื”: "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึธื” ืžึดื’ึฐื“ึผึทืœ ืขึตื“ึถืจ ืขึนืคึถืœ ื‘ึผึทืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ืขึธื“ึถื™ืšึธ ืชึผึตืืชึถื”, ื•ึผื‘ึธืึธื” ื”ึทืžึผึถืžึฐืฉืึธืœึธื” ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืึนื ึธื” ืžึทืžึฐืœึถื›ึถืช ืœึฐื‘ึทืช ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึธึดื". ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืคืจืฉ ืฉื: "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึฐ ืžึฐืฉืึดื™ื—ึธื ื“ึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื“ึฐื˜ึธืžึดื™ืจ ืžึดืŸ ืงึณื“ึธื ื—ื•ึนื‘ึตื™ ื›ึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ื“ึฐืฆึดื™ื•ึนืŸ ืœึธืšึฐ ืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึธื ืžึทืœึฐื›ื•ึผืชึธื ืœึฐืžึตื™ืชึตื™, ื•ึฐื™ึตื™ืชึตื™ ืฉืึดืœึฐื˜ื•ึนื ึธื ืงึทื“ึฐืžึธืึธื” ืœึฐืžึทืœึฐื›ื•ึผืช ื›ึผึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ื“ึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึฐืœึตื", ื•ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช: "ื•ืืชื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืžืกืชืชืจ ืžืคื ื™ ื—ื˜ืื™ ื›ื ืกืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ืœืš ืขืชื™ื“ื” ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ื; ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืžืœื›ื•ืช ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื".


ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื›ื” ืžื›ื ื” ื›ืืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืฉื 'ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ืจ', ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื‘ืกืžื•ืš (ื”,ื) ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื ื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ 'ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืืคืจืชื”': "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึธื” ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืœึถื—ึถื ืึถืคึฐืจึธืชึธื”... ืžึดืžึผึฐืšึธ ืœึดื™ ื™ึตืฆึตื ืœึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ืžื•ึนืฉืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึผืžื•ึนืฆึธืึนืชึธื™ื• ืžึดืงึผึถื“ึถื ืžึดื™ืžึตื™ ืขื•ึนืœึธื", ื•ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ: "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึฐ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืœึถื—ึถื ืึถืคึฐืจึธืชึธื” ... ืžึดื ึธืšึฐ ืงึธื“ึธืžึทื™ ื™ึดืคึผื•ึนืง ืžึฐืฉืึดื™ื—ึธื ืœึฐืžึถื”ึฑื•ึตื™ ืขึฒื‘ึตื™ื“ ืฉืื•ึผืœึฐื˜ึทืŸ ืขึทืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื“ึดื™ ืฉืึฐืžึตื™ื”ึผ ืึธืžึดื™ืจ ืžึดืœึฐืงึธื“ึฐืžึดื™ืŸ ืžึดื™ื•ึนืžึตื™ ืขึธืœึฐืžึธื". ื•ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช: "ื•ืืชื” ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืืคืจืชื”... ืžืžืš ืœืคื ื™ ื™ืฆื ืžืฉื™ื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ื˜ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฉืจ ืฉืžื• ืืžื•ืจ ืžืงื“ื ืžื™ืžื™ ืขื•ืœื". ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช "ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ืจ" ื•"ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืืคืจืชื”" ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ. ื•ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉืืœื• ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•?


 ื”ื”ืฉืชื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ืจ


ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืช ืจื—ืœ ืžืกื•ืคืจ: (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื”,ื›-ื›ื)


"ื•ึทื™ึผึทืฆึผึตื‘ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืžึทืฆึผึตื‘ึธื” ืขึทืœ ืงึฐื‘ึปืจึธืชึธื”ึผ ื”ึดื•ื ืžึทืฆึผึถื‘ึถืช ืงึฐื‘ึปืจึทืช ืจึธื—ึตืœ ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืกึผึทืข ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึตื˜ ืึธื”ึณืœึนื” ืžึตื”ึธืœึฐืึธื” ืœึฐืžึดื’ึฐื“ึผึทืœ ืขึตื“ึถืจ:"


ืชืžื•ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื ืžื™ื”ืจ ื•ื”ืงื“ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ, ืืœื ื”ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืฉื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจืฅ (ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ) ืฉืœื™ื“ ืžึดื’ึฐื“ึผึทืœ ืขึตื“ึถืจ. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืจืื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ืงื•ื“ืฉื• ืฉืื•ืชื• ืื–ื•ืจ ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื—, ื•ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื›ืš ืคื™ืจืฉ ืฉื ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืฉืžืฉื ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืฆืืช ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ืžื™ื[1]. ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืจืื” ืฉืฆืœ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืžืขื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื ืฉืžื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื–ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉ ืžืขื™ืŸ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื ืคืฉ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืžืฆื“ื™ืง ืœื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ืฉื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืงื˜ืจื•ื’ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืกื™ืจื•. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ื•ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉื ืืช ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื—.


ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ืจ'


ื”ืฉื 'ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ืจ' ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื—, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฉื•ืœ ืœืขื“ืจ ืฆืืŸ ื•ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉืžืฉืžืฉ ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืขื“ืจ ื”ืฆืืŸ ืฉืžืคื•ื–ืจ ื‘ืžืจืขื”; ื•ื›ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืžืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืžืคื•ื–ืจื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•. ืื•ืœื ืœืžื’ื“ืœ ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช. ื”'ืžื’ื“ืœ' ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืกืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ืฉืจืฆื• ื‘ื ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื ืข ืžื”ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืชื• ื•ืคื™ื–ืจ ืื•ืชื. ื”'ืžื’ื“ืœ' ืฉืœ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืกืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืงืžืช 'ื›ืคืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืืœื™' ืฉื™ืื—ื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื• ืกืคื•ืง ื›ืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ื™ืฉืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืืš ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžื ื•ื’ื“ ืœืชื›ื ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื• ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืืœื™ื• ื•ื™ืชืคืœืœื• ืืœื™ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื“ื ืœืกืคืง ืืช ืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื, ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืจื•ืฆื” ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ืฉื™ื—ื™ื• ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืขื‘ื•ืจื ืฉื”ื ืฉื‘ืข ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ื—. ื•ืืžื ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ืคื™ืฅ ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ื™ืœืžื“ ืืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืžื›ื•ื ื” 'ืžื’ื“ืœ' ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ (ื”ื›ืคืจ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืืœื™) ืฉื™ื‘ื ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืžื’ื“ืœ ืจืฆื•ื™, "ื›ึผึดื™ ืึธื– ืึถื”ึฐืคึผึนืšึฐ ืึถืœ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืฉื‚ึธืคึธื” ื‘ึฐืจื•ึผืจึธื” ืœึดืงึฐืจึนื ื›ึปืœึผึธื ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึตื ื”' ืœึฐืขึธื‘ึฐื“ื•ึน ืฉืึฐื›ึถื ืึถื—ึธื“". ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืื– ืœืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืขื“ืจ ืื—ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืžื•ื ื”ื’ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื—ืจื‘ ื’ืฉืžื™ืช, ื•ืขืœ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ื ืืžืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื™ื,ื“): "ื•ึฐืฉืึธืคึทื˜ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึถื“ึถืง ื“ึผึทืœึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนื›ึดื™ื—ึท ื‘ึผึฐืžึดื™ืฉืื•ึนืจ ืœึฐืขึทื ึฐื•ึตื™ ืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐื”ึดื›ึผึธื” ืึถืจึถืฅ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึตื‘ึถื˜ ืคึผึดื™ื• ื•ึผื‘ึฐืจื•ึผื—ึท ืฉื‚ึฐืคึธืชึธื™ื• ื™ึธืžึดื™ืช ืจึธืฉืึธืข".


ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื"


ืžื™ื›ื” ืžื›ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื’ื ื‘ืฉื 'ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืืคืจืชื”'. ื•ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืฉืžื•ืช "ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื" ื•"ืืคืจืชื”" ืžื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžื”ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืžื‘ื˜ื, ื•ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ.


ื”ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืœ "ืœื—ื" ื”ื•ื ืžืื›ืœ ืฉืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžื’ืจื’ืจื™ ืชื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื ื˜ื—ื ื” ื•ื”ื•ืจื˜ื‘ื” ื•ื ื“ื‘ืงื” ื•ื ื™ืœื•ืฉื” ืœืขื™ืกื” ื•ื ืืคืชื” ื›ื’ื•ืฉ ืื—ื“. ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื—ื–"ืœ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืœื—"ืž ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืื—ื“ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ืจื‘ื” ื’,ื’): "ื›ืื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœื—ื™ื ืฉืชื™ ื ืกืจื™ื ื•ืžื“ื‘ื™ืงืŸ ื–ื” ืœื–ื”". ื’ื ื”ืžื™ืœื” ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืœื—"ืž. ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื–ื•ืจืขื™ื ืชื‘ื•ืื” ื•ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื” ื•ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื, ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืฉื“ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื”, ื•ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื”ื, ื•ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืื—ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจืฉื. ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื’ื“ืขื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืื™ืœืฆื• ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืชืื—ื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื’ื“ืขื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ืื•ืชื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื“ื“ื™ื. ื•ืื›ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื”ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ื—ืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” "ืœื—ื ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ืžืชื”ืคืš ื‘ืžื—ื ื”". ื”"ืœื—ื" ื”ืžืชื”ืคืš ื”ื–ื” ืกื™ืžืœ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ืชืื—ื“ ื•ื”ื•ืœื—ื ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ืฆื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื“ื“ื™ื. ื•ื”ืฉื "ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื" ื ืจืื” ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืžืชืื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘ืชื• ืืช ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืœืš ืฉื™ืื—ื“ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื.


 


ืืคืจืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘


ืฆื“ ื ื“ืจืฉ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืฉื 'ืืคืจืช'. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืžืกื•ืคืจ "ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถื—ึธื“ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืจึธืžึธืชึทื™ึดื ืฆื•ึนืคึดื™ื ืžึตื”ึทืจ ืึถืคึฐืจึธื™ึดื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžื•ึน ืึถืœึฐืงึธื ึธื” ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ึฐืจึนื—ึธื ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืึฑืœึดื™ื”ื•ึผื ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืชึผึนื—ื•ึผ ื‘ึถืŸ ืฆื•ึผืฃ ืึถืคึฐืจึธืชึดื™". ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื” ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื ื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ 'ืืคืจืชื™' ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื—ืœื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืืœืงื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ืจ ืืคืจื™ื™ื. ื•ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืฉื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ 'ืืคืจืชื™' ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืœืื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื•ื‘, ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื™ืืจื• ืฉื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ื‘ืžืคืจืฉื™ื. ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ื™ืืจื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ (ืจื•ืช ื,ื‘) "ืึถืคึฐืจึธืชึดื™ื ืžึดื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืœึถื—ึถื ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”" ืฉ'ืืคืจืชื™ื' ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื•ื‘. ื•ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื ื”ืžืงื•ื "ืืคืจืชื”" ืžืจืื” ืขืœ ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืœืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.


ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืืคืจืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื


ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื›ื” ืžื›ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ "ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืืคืจืชื”", ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืจืžื– ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืขืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื•. ื™ืขืงื‘ ืจืื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื™ืงื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”. ื•ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืขืœื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื•ืชื™ื• ืขื™ืžื ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื›ืŸ ืœื ื˜ืจื— ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืจื—ืœ ืžืงื‘ืจื” ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืœืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”. ื•ื”ืจื™ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžื ื”ื’ ืฉืœ 'ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ ืขืฆืžื•ืช' ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื”ื ืคื˜ืจ ืžืžืงื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื–ืžื ื™ ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™. ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื ื”ื’ ื›ืš ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืจื—ืœ, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ื‘ื” ืืช ืืฉืชื• ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช.


 


ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืจืื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ืงื“ืฉื• ืฉื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืจื—ืœ ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืขื™ืžื• ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”, ืืœื ืฉื›ืขืช ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื•ืชื™ื” ืœื”'. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืชืื™ื ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ึผึฐื“ึถืจึถืšึฐ ืึถืคึฐืจึธืช ื”ึดื•ื ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืœึธื—ึถื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืฉื ืึถืคึฐืจึธืช ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ "ืคืจื™ื”" ื•ื›ืŸ "ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช", ื•ื”ืฉื ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืœึธื—ึถื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”"ืœื—ื" ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชืื—ื“ื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืื—ื“ ืฉื ืœื—ื ืชื—ืช ืžืœืš, ื•ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” "ื‘ื“ืจืš" ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืจื—ืœ ื”ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื” ืœืžื˜ืจื” โ€“ ืœื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— - ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื•ืชื™ื”.


 


ืœืจื—ืœ ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืืจ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืืœ ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”. ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื (ื“ืฃ ืคื”, ื‘) ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉื’ื ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช, ืืœื ืฉืืœื™ื”ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ืœืฉื ื›ืš. ืื•ืœื ืจื—ืœ ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืืœ ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื”ื–ื• ื•ื”ื™ื ื ืžืฆืืช ืื™ืชื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืงืœื•ืช. ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืจื—ืœ ื ื•ืชืจื” ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื” ืžื•ื–ื›ืจืช ื’ื ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช ื™ืจืžื™ื”, ืฉืฉื•ืžืข ืืช ืจื—ืœ ืžืชืคืœืœืช ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื” (ืœื,ื™ื“-ื˜ื–):


"ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืงื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึฐืจึธืžึธื” ื ึดืฉืึฐืžึธืข ื ึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึดื™ ืชึทืžึฐืจื•ึผืจึดื™ื ืจึธื—ึตืœ ืžึฐื‘ึทื›ึผึธื” ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึธื ึถื™ื”ึธ ืžึตืึฒื ึธื” ืœึฐื”ึดื ึผึธื—ึตื ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึธื ึถื™ื”ึธ ื›ึผึดื™ ืึตื™ื ึถื ึผื•ึผ: ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืžึดื ึฐืขึดื™ ืงื•ึนืœึตืšึฐ ืžึดื‘ึผึถื›ึดื™ ื•ึฐืขึตื™ื ึทื™ึดืšึฐ ืžึดื“ึผึดืžึฐืขึธื” ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึตืฉื ืฉื‚ึธื›ึธืจ ืœึดืคึฐืขึปืœึผึธืชึตืšึฐ ื ึฐืึปื ื”' ื•ึฐืฉืึธื‘ื•ึผ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืื•ึนื™ึตื‘: ื•ึฐื™ึตืฉื ืชึผึดืงึฐื•ึธื” ืœึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึดื™ืชึตืšึฐ ื ึฐืึปื ื”' ื•ึฐืฉืึธื‘ื•ึผ ื‘ึธื ึดื™ื ืœึดื’ึฐื‘ื•ึผืœึธื:"


ื›ืืฉืจ ืื‘ื“ื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ืœื• ืžืืจืฆื, ืจื—ืœ ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืžืชืคืœืœืช ืขืœ ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ืœืืจืฆื ื•ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืจื—ืœ ื ืฉืืจื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืชืคื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ืขืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืืจ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช.


ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืžืกืชืชืจ


ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžื“ื™ื™ืง ื‘ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื›ื”, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœื‘ื•ืื• ื ืžืฆื ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกืชืชืจ ืžื—ืžืช ื—ื˜ืื™ 'ื›ื ืกืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ', ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืชื’ื™ืข ืœ'ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื'. ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉ'ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื' ื”ื™ื ืžื”ื•ืช ื ืขืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ 'ื›ื ืกืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ', ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืชื’ื™ืข ืœ'ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื' ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื‘ืงืจื™ืืชื• ืœื”ืงืžืช ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืชื™ืงืจื 'ื“ื’ืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื', ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ 'ืฆื™ื•ืŸ' ืœื‘ื™ืŸ 'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื' (ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืขืžโ€™ 333):


"ืžืื– ืžืจืืฉื™ืช ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ืชื‘ืœื˜ ืฉึตื 'ืฆื™ื•ืŸ' ืืฆืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ืื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื ื•, ื›ื•ื—ื ื• ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™... ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืืจืฆื” ื›ื•ื‘ืฉืช ืœื” ืืช ื“ืจื›ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืโ€ฆ ื›ื•ื— ื›ื‘ื™ืจ ื•ืจื‘-ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ืฉื 'ืฆื™ื•ืŸ'... (ืžืื™ื“ืš) 'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื' ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ื‘ื”ื‘ืœื˜ืชื” ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื ื• ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”... ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื‘ื™ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืืฉืจ ืžืžื ื” ื™ืฆืื” ื•ืชืฆื ืชื•ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ"


ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื ื™ ืฆื“ื“ื™ื, ื”ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืฆื“ ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืชื• ืœืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ 'ืฆื™ื•ืŸ' ืžื‘ื˜ื ืื•ืชื•. ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฆื“ ื ืขืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื•ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ ืฉื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ 'ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื' ืžื‘ื˜ื ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื™ืžื“ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืžืชื’ืœื” ื“ืจืš 'ืฆื™ื•ืŸ' ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™. ื ืจืื” ืฉืœื›ืš ื’ื ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื›ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืชืืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืชื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ 'ื›ื ืกืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ' ืชืงื‘ืœ ืฉื”ืžืขืœื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ("ื”ึทืžึผึถืžึฐืฉืึธืœึธื” ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืึนื ึธื”") ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœืื ืฉื™ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ ('ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื'), ืื–ื™ ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื—.


 ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืžืกืชืชืจืช


ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื›ื” ืคื•ื ื” ืืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ('ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ืจ') ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ื•ื›ื— ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื•. ืืœื ืฉื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืืจื™ืš ื™ืžื™ื ืขื“ ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืžื™ื›ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื• ("ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึธื”") ื•ืžื ื‘ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื•ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืชื’ื™ืข ืœ'ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื'. ื•ืืžื ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืžื™ื›ื” ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืœื“ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื’ื ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ื‘ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ืขืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืชื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืื“ื. ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžืช, ืžื•ื‘ื ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ืฉืงืœ ื›ืกืฃ ืœืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ (ื“ืฃ ืกื—,ื‘):


"ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ื”ื™ื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื ื•ืœื“ ืžืื™ืฉ ื•ืžืืฉื”, ืืœื ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ื™ื’ื“ืœ ืฆื“ืงืชื•... ื•ืื– ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืงืฅ ืชื‘ื 'ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉืžื”' ืฉืœื• ื“ื ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ ื•ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ืœืื™ืฉ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื”ื•ื, ื•ืื– ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืืœ. ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืข"ื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื™ืœื•ื“ ืืฉื”, ื•ื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืžืขื˜ ืžืขื˜ ืขื“ ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ื ื—ืœืง ื ืฉืžืชื•"


ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช 'ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ืจ' ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช 'ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืืคืจืชื”' ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืœื“ืช ืฉืืžื•ืจื” ืœืœื“ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื ื‘ื ืฉื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืœื™ื“ื” ืขื“ ืฉื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืชื‘ื•ื ื•ืชืฉื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืคืจื˜ื™, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืœืงืžืŸ.


ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ืจ


 ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช 'ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ืจ' ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื (ื“,ื˜-ื™):


"ืขึทืชึผึธื” ืœึธืžึผึธื” ืชึธืจึดื™ืขึดื™ ืจึตืขึท ื”ึฒืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึธืšึฐ ืึดื ื™ื•ึนืขึฒืฆึตืšึฐ ืึธื‘ึธื“ ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึถื—ึฑื–ึดื™ืงึตืšึฐ ื—ึดื™ืœ ื›ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนืœึตื“ึธื”: ื—ื•ึผืœึดื™ ื•ึธื’ึนื—ึดื™ ื‘ึผึทืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนืœึตื“ึธื” ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึทืชึผึธื” ืชึตืฆึฐืึดื™ ืžึดืงึผึดืจึฐื™ึธื” ื•ึฐืฉืึธื›ึทื ึฐืชึผึฐ ื‘ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึธื“ึถื” ื•ึผื‘ึธืืช ืขึทื“ ื‘ึผึธื‘ึถืœ ืฉืึธื ืชึผึดื ึผึธืฆึตืœึดื™ ืฉืึธื ื™ึดื’ึฐืึธืœึตืšึฐ ื”' ืžึดื›ึผึทืฃ ืึนื™ึฐื‘ึธื™ึดืšึฐ:"


ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื™ื›ื™ืจ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœื”ื ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ืขื ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืœื ื™ื—ื–ื™ืง ืžืขืžื“. ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื’ืœื” ืœื‘ื‘ืœ, ื•ืื– ื™ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืœืื™ ื”ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื›ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื•ืื™ื ื ืžืชื‘ื•ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื‘ื•ืœืœื ื•ืœื‘ื•ืœืขื, ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœื”ื ืฉื”' ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื•ืฉื™ืข ืื•ืชื.


ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžื™ื›ื” ืžื ื‘ื ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื–ืจ ืœืืจืฆื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืขืžื™ื ืฉืงืžื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื• (ื“,ื™ื-ื™ื“):


"ื•ึฐืขึทืชึผึธื” ื ึถืึถืกึฐืคื•ึผ ืขึธืœึทื™ึดืšึฐ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ื”ึธืึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื ืชึผึถื—ึฑื ึธืฃ ื•ึฐืชึทื—ึทื– ื‘ึผึฐืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื ื•ึผ: ื•ึฐื”ึตืžึผึธื” ืœึนื ื™ึธื“ึฐืขื•ึผ ืžึทื—ึฐืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึนืช ื”' ื•ึฐืœึนื ื”ึตื‘ึดื™ื ื•ึผ ืขึฒืฆึธืชื•ึน ื›ึผึดื™ ืงึดื‘ึผึฐืฆึธื ื›ึผึถืขึธืžึดื™ืจ ื’ึผึนืจึฐื ึธื”: ืงื•ึผืžึดื™ ื•ึธื“ื•ึนืฉืึดื™ ื‘ึทืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึดื™ ืงึทืจึฐื ึตืšึฐ ืึธืฉื‚ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทืจึฐื–ึถืœ ื•ึผืคึทืจึฐืกึนืชึทื™ึดืšึฐ ืึธืฉื‚ึดื™ื ื ึฐื—ื•ึผืฉืึธื” ื•ึทื”ึฒื“ึดืงึผื•ึนืช ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึฒืจึทืžึฐืชึผึดื™ ืœึทื”' ื‘ึผึดืฆึฐืขึธื ื•ึฐื—ึตื™ืœึธื ืœึทืึฒื“ื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ: ืขึทืชึผึธื” ืชึผึดืชึฐื’ึผึนื“ึฐื“ึดื™ ื‘ึทืช ื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึผื“ ืžึธืฆื•ึนืจ ืฉื‚ึธื ืขึธืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึตื‘ึถื˜ ื™ึทื›ึผื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืœึผึฐื—ึดื™ ืึตืช ืฉืึนืคึตื˜ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ:"


ืžื™ื›ื” ืžื ื‘ื ืฉืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ืงื™ืคื• ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื, ื•ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื ืฆื— ืื•ืชื. ื•ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืžื ื‘ื "ืขึทืชึผึธื” ืชึผึดืชึฐื’ึผึนื“ึฐื“ึดื™ ื‘ึทืช ื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึผื“ ืžึธืฆื•ึนืจ ืฉื‚ึธื ืขึธืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ...". ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืคืจืฉ ืฉื: "ื›ึผึฐืขึทืŸ ืชึผึดืกึฐืชึผึทื™ึฐืขึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืฉืึดืจึฐื™ึธืŸ ืงึทืจึฐืชึผึธื ื“ึฐืฆึธื™ึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ืขึฒืœึธื”ึผ ื‘ึผึดืฆึฐื™ึธืจ ื“ึทื”ึฒื•ื•ึน ืžึธื—ึธืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื—ื•ึผื˜ึฐืจึธื ืขึทืœ ืœึดื™ืกึธืชึธื ื™ึทืช ื“ึทื™ึธื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ". ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉืžื™ื›ื” ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืฉืคืœ ืืœื ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ืžืคื•ืืจืช ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื‘ื™ืก ืืช ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืก ืœื’ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืฆื‘ื ื•ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืœื”ืกืจืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืจ, ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ื– ืืช ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืื ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืœื ืžื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื ืืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ืชื•ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืก ืœื’ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืฆื‘ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืœื”ืกืจืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืจ.


ืกื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื’ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืžืกืชืชืจ. ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืขืฆืžื• ืขื•ืกืง ื•ื”ื•ื’ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉื ืงืจืืช 'ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื', ื•ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ 'ื›ื ืกืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ' ื—ื•ื˜ืืช ื•ืกื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉื”ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื–ื” ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื ืžื ื” ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ 'ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื' ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช.


ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช 'ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืืคืจืชื”'


ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช 'ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืืคืจืชื”' ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ (ืžื™ื›ื” ื”,ื‘): "ืœึธื›ึตืŸ ื™ึดืชึผึฐื ึตื ืขึทื“ ืขึตืช ื™ื•ึนืœึตื“ึธื” ื™ึธืœึธื“ึธื”, ื•ึฐื™ึถืชึถืจ ืึถื—ึธื™ื• ื™ึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ื•ึผืŸ ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ". ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื—ื™ื - "ื•ึฐื™ึถืชึถืจ ืึถื—ึธื™ื•", ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืกื™ื•ื ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ืืœื™ื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืืœื™ื• ื›ืžื• ืœืื— ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ืื›ืŸ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ื•ืจื“"ืง ื•ืขื•ื“ ืคื™ืจืฉื• ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืœืš ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืฉืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืืœื™ื• ื™ืชืงื‘ืฆื• ืฉืืจ ืื—ื™ื• ืžืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื’ื ืฉืืจ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืžืžืœื›ื” ืื—ืช.


ืื•ืœื ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื”ืชืขืœื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ืชื™ืจื’ื: "ื‘ึผึฐื›ึตืŸ ื™ึดืชึฐืžึทืกึฐืจื•ึผืŸ ื›ึผึฐืขึดื“ึทืŸ ื™ึธืœึตื™ื“ึฐืชึผึธื ืœึฐืžึตื™ืœึทื“, ื•ึผืฉืึฐืึทืจ ืึฒื—ึตื™ื”ื•ึนืŸ ื™ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืžึฐื›ื•ึผืŸ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ". ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืจื’ื ืืช "ืึถื—ึธื™ื•" ื‘ืชื•ืจ "ืึฒื—ื•ึนื”ึดื™" ื›ืื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื™ื—ื™ื“, ืืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจ "ืึฒื—ึตื™ื”ื•ึนืŸ" ื›ืื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื. ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื ืฉืžื” ื”ืฉื•ื›ื ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืฃ ืื“ื ื™ื—ื™ื“. ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื•, ื‘ื—ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ื”ืืœื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื™ื™ืžืกืจ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื™ื’ืœื” ืžืืจืฆื• (ื•ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ื›ืš ื™ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”' ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื™ืื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื). ืขื“ ืฉืชื’ื™ืข ื”ืขืช ื•ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ืœื™ื“ ืžืชื•ื›ื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืงื˜ื ื” ('ืฉืึฐืึทืจ ืึฒื—ึตื™ื”ื•ึนืŸ') ืฉืชื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชืงื™ื ื‘ื• ื‘ืกื™ืก ืื™ืชืŸ ืฉืืœื™ื• ื™ืชืงื‘ืฆื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืžืคื•ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.


ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืœืฉื•ืŸ ืžื™ื›ื” - "ื•ึฐื™ึถืชึถืจ ืึถื—ึธื™ื•" - ืื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื” ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื•ืื—ื™ื• ื•ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืชืงื‘ืฆื• ืืœื™ื•, ืืœื ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืชื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืืจืฅ ื•ื™ืงื™ืžื• ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืืœื™ื• ื™ืชืงื‘ืฆื• ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช. ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื’ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžืคื™ืืกืขืฆื ื ื”ื™"ื“ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืœืš (ืขืžื•ื“ ืฉืกื“):


"ืื™ืชื ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืžืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื ื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื ืฉืžืช ืžืฉื™ื— ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ื•ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื›ืœ ื›ื ื•ื“ืข, ื›ื™ ืœืžื” ืึธืฆึธืœ ื”' ืืช ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื—..."


ื•ื ืžืฆื ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืงื™ื ื•ืœื—ื–ืง ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืืœื™ื• ื™ืชืงื‘ืฆื• ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืขื ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—, ื•ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžืขืฉื™ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื ืžื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื”ื•ื ื”ืื— ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœื”ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื”, ื•ื”ื ื”ืื—ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืœื• ืฉื ืจืื™ื ื•ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื•.


ื•ึทื”ึฒืงึตืžึนื ื•ึผ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ืจึนืขึดื™ื


ืžื™ื›ื” ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืžื ื‘ื: "ื•ึฐืขึธืžึทื“ ื•ึฐืจึธืขึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืขึนื– ื”' ื‘ึผึดื’ึฐืื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึตื ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึธื™ื• ื•ึฐื™ึธืฉืึธื‘ื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึทืชึผึธื” ื™ึดื’ึฐื“ึผึทืœ ืขึทื“ ืึทืคึฐืกึตื™ ืึธืจึถืฅ", ื•ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืชืจื’ื "ื•ึดื™ืงื•ึผื ื•ึฐื™ึดืฉืึฐืœื•ึนื˜ ื‘ึผึดืชึฐืงื•ึนืฃ ืžึดืŸ ืงึณื“ึธื ื™ึฐื™ึธ ื‘ึผึดืจึฐื›ื•ึนืช ืฉืึฐืžึธื ื“ึทื™ึธื™ ืึฑืœึธื”ึตื™ื”ึผ ื•ึดื™ืชื•ึผื‘ื•ึผืŸ ืžึดื‘ึผึตื™ื ึตื™ ื’ึฐืœื•ึผืชึฐื”ื•ึนืŸ ืึฒืจึตื™ ื›ึฐืขึทืŸ ื™ึทืกึฐื’ึตื™ ืฉืึฐืžึตื™ื”ึผ ืขึทื“ ืกึฐื™ึธืคึตื™ ืึทืจึฐืขึธื". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ โ€“ ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืืคืจืชื” โ€“ ื™ืงื•ื ื•ื™ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืฉื™ืงื‘ืœ ืžืืช ื”', ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ื™ืชืคืจืกื ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.  ื•ืžื™ื›ื” ืžืชืืจ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืœื•:


"ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื–ึถื” ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื ืึทืฉึผืื•ึผืจ ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึธื‘ื•ึนื ื‘ึฐืึทืจึฐืฆึตื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึดื“ึฐืจึนืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืจึฐืžึฐื ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ึทื”ึฒืงึตืžึนื ื•ึผ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ืจึนืขึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึนื ึธื” ื ึฐืกึดื™ื›ึตื™ ืึธื“ึธื: ื•ึฐืจึธืขื•ึผ ืึถืช ืึถืจึถืฅ ืึทืฉึผืื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึทื—ึถืจึถื‘ ื•ึฐืึถืช ืึถืจึถืฅ ื ึดืžึฐืจึนื“ ื‘ึผึดืคึฐืชึธื—ึถื™ื”ึธ ื•ึฐื”ึดืฆึผึดื™ืœ ืžึตืึทืฉึผืื•ึผืจ ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึธื‘ื•ึนื ื‘ึฐืึทืจึฐืฆึตื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึดื“ึฐืจึนืšึฐ ื‘ึผึดื’ึฐื‘ื•ึผืœึตื ื•ึผ:"


ื•ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืชืจื’ื:


"ื•ึดื™ื”ึตื™ ืžึดื‘ึผึฐื›ึตืŸ ืฉืึฐืœึธืžึธื ืœึธื ึธื ืึฒืชื•ึผืจึธืึธื” ืึฒืจึตื™ ื™ึตืขื•ึผืœ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืจึฐืขึธื ึธื ื•ึทืึฒืจึตื™ ื™ึดื“ึฐืจื•ึนืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึดืจึฐื ึฐื™ึธืชึธื ึธื ื•ึผื ึฐืžึทื ึตื™ ืขึฒืœึธื ึธื ืฉืึทื‘ึฐืขึธื ืžึทืœึฐื›ึดื™ืŸ ื•ึผืชึฐืžึทื ึฐื™ึธื ืจึทื‘ึฐืจึฐื‘ึตื™ ืึฑื ึธืฉืึธื: ื•ึฐื™ึดืจึฐืขื•ึผืŸ ื™ึทืช ืึทืจึฐืขึธื ื“ึฐืึทืชึผื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธื ื•ึฐื™ึทืช ืึทืจึฐืขึธื ื ึดืžึฐืจื•ึนื“ ื‘ึผึดืชึฐืงื•ึนืฃ ื›ึผึฐืจึทื›ึผึธื”ึธื ื•ึดื™ืฉืึตื™ื–ึฐื‘ึดื™ื ึธื ึธื ืžึตืึทืชึผื•ึผืจ ื“ึฐืœึธื ื™ึตืขื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืจึฐืขึธื ึธื ื•ึฐืœึธื ื™ึดื“ึฐืจื•ึนืšึฐ ื‘ึผึดืชึฐื—ื•ึผืžึธื ึธื:"


ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืื ื ืฉืžืข ืฉื”ืžืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ืืฉื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืืจืฅ ื ืžืจื•ื“ (ื‘ื‘ืœ) ืจื•ืฆื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืืจืฆื ื• ื•ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื ื• ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื ืงื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื™ืœื—ืžื• ื‘ื—ืจื‘ ื‘ืืจืฆื ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื ื•.


ื”ืจื“"ืง ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืขืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื’ืœื”, ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื™ืžื ื” ืืช ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืื• ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืžืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช, ืืš ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื™ืžื ื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืื• ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื”ื, ื•ื”ืจื“"ืง ื”ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืฉืœื ื ืฆืžื“ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ืื ื™ ืชืžื™ื” ืื™ืš ืชืจื’ื•ื 'ืขืœื™ื•' - 'ืขืœื ื' ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืœืคืจืฉ 'ืขืœื™ื•' ื›ืžื• 'ืขืžื•' ืจ"ืœ ืขื ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื—...".


ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืจื“"ืง ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ื›ื” "ื•ึฐืขึธืžึทื“ ื•ึฐืจึธืขึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืขึนื– ื”'..." ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื’ืœื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืจื“"ืง ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ืžื ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืื• ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืžืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช, ืื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืžื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ืื•ืœื ืœื ื›ืš ืจืื” ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืงื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืžืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืœืœื ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืœื ืชืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืฃ ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืคืจื˜ื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื™ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื™ืžื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื.


 ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ืจึนืขึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึนื ึธื” ื ึฐืกึดื™ื›ึตื™ ืึธื“ึธื


ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ื•ืจื“"ืง ืคื™ืจืฉื• ืฉืœืคื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ืœืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื "ืฉื‘ืขื”" ื•"ืฉืžื•ื ื”" ื›ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืงื™ื, ืืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืกืžืœื™ื ืœืจื‘ื•ื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™, ื•ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืงื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืœื—ืžื• ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžืขืฆืžื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ืžื ืขื• ืžื”ืŸ ืžืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื ื• ื•ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืืจืฆื ื•. ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืœื›ื™ื ื™ื‘,ื‘): "ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืืœื ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“... ื•ื›ืœ ืืœื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืื“ื ืื™ืš ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื•, ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืกืชื•ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืืฆืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื, ื’ื ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ืืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ืจืข ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื...".


ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืชืงื•ืคืชื ื•, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื›ื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื ืจืื” ืœืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ืฉืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฆื ื• ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื–ื›ื” ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืฆื— ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื—ืฅ ืืช ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืงืžื• ืขืœื™ื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘. ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื–ื›ื” ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ืจื—ืงืช ืื™ื•ืžื™ื ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžืขืฆืžื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช. ืขื™ืจืง ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ื”ืžืขืฆืžื” ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื”ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช ื‘ื ืชื” ื›ื•ืจ ืื˜ื•ืžื™ ื•ืคืขืœื” ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืคืฆืฆื” ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคืขืœื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืขื™ืจืง ื•ื”ืคืฆื™ืฆื” ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืจ ื”ืื˜ื•ืžื™. ื•ื›ืžื• ืžืขืฆืžื” ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืื™ืจืŸ ืคืขืœื” ื•ืคื•ืขืœืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื ืฉืง ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื•ื˜ื™ืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื›ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื ืกื” ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื ื•. ื•ืื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืžื™ื“ื™ ืคืขื ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฆื ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืจื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื”ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื–ืžืžื.


ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ื ืžื ืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืชื’ืฉื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ื•ื”ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฆื ื• ืœื›ื ืกืช, ื”ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ื›ื” "ื•ึทื”ึฒืงึตืžึนื ื•ึผ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ืจึนืขึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึนื ึธื” ื ึฐืกึดื™ื›ึตื™ ืึธื“ึธื". ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ื•ื—ืจื•ืช ืžืชื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืฉื•ืœื—ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ื‘, ื•ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืฉื•ืœื—ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืžืขืฆืžื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฆืŸ ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืžืขืฆืžื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื ื•. ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžืขืฉื™ ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืžืขืฆืžื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืจื—ื™ืงืŸ ืžืœืื™ื™ื ืขืœื™ื•. ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื ื’ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—.


ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืžืฉื™ื—


ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื ื•ืœื“ื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืžื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ืจ ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ืจื—ืœ ืžืงื‘ืจื” ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืืคืจืชื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื›ื” ืžื›ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื•. ื•ื ืฉืžื” ื–ื• ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืืช ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืืš ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื‘ืืจ ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืืช ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ืžื™ื›ื”, ื–ื”ื• ืื™ื ื• ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™. ื•ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืก ืœื’ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืฆื‘ื ืฉื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ื™ื‘, ื”ื•ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉ'ื›ื ืกืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ' ืžื‘ื–ื” ืืช ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ื•ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ "ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึตื‘ึถื˜ ื™ึทื›ึผื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืœึผึฐื—ึดื™ ืึตืช ืฉืึนืคึตื˜ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ". ื•ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ 'ื›ื ืกืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ' ื—ื•ื˜ืืช, ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืœื ืชืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืคืจื˜ื™, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจืžื– ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึฐ ืžึฐืฉืึดื™ื—ึธื ื“ึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื“ึฐื˜ึธืžึดื™ืจ ืžึดืŸ ืงึณื“ึธื ื—ื•ึนื‘ึตื™ ื›ึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ื“ึฐืฆึดื™ื•ึนืŸ". ื•ื›ืืฉืจ 'ื›ื ืกืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ' ืชืคืกื™ืง ืœื—ื˜ื•ื ื•ืชื™ืชืŸ ื”ืžืขืœื” ื”ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื“ื™ื™ื ื™ ื•ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืื–ื™ ืชืชื’ืœื” ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— (ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”) ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™: "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึฐ ืžึฐืฉืึดื™ื—ึธื ื“ึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ... ืœึธืšึฐ ืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึธื ืžึทืœึฐื›ื•ึผืชึธื ืœึฐืžึตื™ืชึตื™, ื•ึฐื™ึตื™ืชึตื™ ืฉืึดืœึฐื˜ื•ึนื ึธื ืงึทื“ึฐืžึธืึธื” ืœึฐืžึทืœึฐื›ื•ึผืช ื›ึผึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ื“ึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึฐืœึตื". ื•ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืชืชื’ืœื” ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืชื•ืš ืื“ื ืคืจื˜ื™, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–, ื”):


"ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืฆื•ื• ืขืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื’ืืœื™ืŸ ืืœื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืกื•ืฃ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื’ืœื•ืชืŸ ื•ืžื™ื“ ื”ืŸ ื ื’ืืœื™ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ืื• ืขืœื™ืš ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื’ื•' ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขื“ ื”' ืืœื”ื™ืš ื•ืฉื‘ ื”' ืืœื”ื™ืš ื•ื’ื•'."


ื•ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจืช ืฉื ืฉืชื”ื™ื” "ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื’ืœื•ืชืŸ", ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืืจืฆื, ื•ืžื”ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื™ืกืชืคืงื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืชืฉืœื— ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืืช ืžืœื—ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืืœื ื™ืจืฆื• ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืžืขืœื” ื”ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœ'ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื' ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื ื™ืจืฆื• ืฉื™ืžืœื•ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืœืš ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืฉื™ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ื—ื–ืง ืื•ืชื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ื›ืคื” ืื•ืชื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืื•ืชื”, ื•ืจืง ื‘ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื ื™ืจืฆื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื ื™ืœื—ื ืืช ืžืœื—ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื•ื›ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืœื›ื™ื (ื™ื, ื“): "ื•ืื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ืžืœืš ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื’ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื“ื•ื“ ืื‘ื™ื•, ื›ืคื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื•ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ื•ื™ื›ื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ืœืš ื‘ื” ื•ืœื—ื–ืง ื‘ื“ืงื”, ื•ื™ืœื—ื ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”', ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉื™ื—...".





[1] "ื•ึผื ึฐื˜ึทืœ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ื•ึผืคึฐืจึทืก ืœึฐืžึทืฉืึฐื›ึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึผ ืžึดืŸ ืœึฐื”ึทืœึธื ืœึฐืžึทื’ึฐื“ึฐืœึธื ื“ึฐืขึตื“ึถืจ ืึทืชึฐืจึธื ื“ึฐืžึดืชึผึทืžึธืŸ ืขึธืชึดื™ื“ ื“ึฐืึดืชึฐื’ึฐืœึตื™ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึธื ืžึฐืฉืึดื™ื—ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืกื•ึนืฃ ื™ื•ึนืžึทื™ึธื:"



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ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ

ืขื•ืจืš ืžื“ื•ืจ ืื’ื“ื” ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื—ืžื“ื”.
ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
ืžื‘ื•ื ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืžื—ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืžื—ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
  • ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
    48 ื“ืง'
    ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืืฆืœื ืงื™ืฅ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืฉื, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชืขืงืฉ ืœื”ื™ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”, ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืชืคื™ืœืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”
    52 ื“ืง'
    ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”

    ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”

    ืืžื•ื ื” ื›"ื˜ -ืœ"ื

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”: ืžื—ื“ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืขื•ื– ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ื”', ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืœืขื“ืŸ ื•ืœืจื›ืš ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ืคืจืื™ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืœืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื—ื™ื™ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžืœืื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื
    45 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืš ื•ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง ื’ื–ืœ , ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ'
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ'

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
    29 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื ื— ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื”ืืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื ื•ื— ืจื•ืžื– ืืœื™ื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ื›ืžืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื— ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉื–ื™ื›ืชื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ" ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื
    25 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื—ื˜ื ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ื’ื•ืฃ, ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื›ืœ ื•ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ืžืื•ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืชื• ื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื—.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื˜
    27 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื˜

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื•' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช

    ืขื‘ื“ืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื -ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืœืฆื“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช
    40 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื "ืกืคื™ืงื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื", ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ("ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”") ื•ืžืงื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืง. ืžืชื•ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”"ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช", ื”"ืชื•ืžื™ื" ื•ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืค, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื• ืคืจืง ื›"ื– - ื›"ื—

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ืจืฆื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘
    ื ื—

    ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืžื•ืœ ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ืชื•, ื“ืจืš ืžืคื’ืฉื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื—ื ื ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืื• ืžืกื—ืจ ืขื ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืืœื ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืง"ืก

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื ืฉ ื ืงืžื ื™, ืืœื ื”ืชืคื›ื—ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื•ื—ืฉ ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื•. ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื–ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืœื ืขืจ ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœ ื˜ื‘ืขื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“
    44 ื“ืง'
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืงืก"ื‘ - ืงืก"ื“

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” โ€“ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืขืชื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” โ€“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง. ื“ืจืš ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—
    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?
    46 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?

    ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ 'ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื' ื‘ืฉื 'ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื' ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

    ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื ื™ืœืžื“ื• ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื | ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื•, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืœืžื“ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื‘ื’ืจื•ืชื• | ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืจื—ื‘, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” | ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“, ืฉื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืขื•ืœืžื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ืขื™ืžื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ | ืขื™ืงืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื™ืงื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื‘ื ื“ื”ืœื›ืชื | ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืขื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ 20 ื™ืงื™ืคื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืขื ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจื• ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืžืคืจืฉื™ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–

    ืงึตืฅ ื›ื‡ึผืœ ื‘ึธึผืฉึธื‚ืจ ื‘ึธึผื ืœึฐืคึธื ึทื™ - ืžื”ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืงึตืฅ ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื”, ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืงึตืฅ ืืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžืชื—ืœื”. ืžึดื›ื‡ึผืœ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ - ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ื“ืื ื”ื•ื ืœึฐืšึธ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื›ืœ. ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื•ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืคืจืฉื”. ืœืžื” ืฉืœื— ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื•ืจื‘ ื•ื™ื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืœื ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืจื—ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื.

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il