ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ
  • ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื’
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ื–ืžื ื™ื
  • ืคื•ืจื™ื

ืฉืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื

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5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 31 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ื”ืจื‘ ืžื™ืฉืืœ ืžื›ืœื•ืฃ ื‘ืŸ ืืกืชืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื“ืจืšืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš

ืคื•ืจื™ื



ื - ื ืก ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื
ืฉืžื—ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ื ืฆื—ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืืฃ ื›ื™ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ื™ื ื ืกืชืจืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื˜ืื™ื, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื–ื–ื” ืžืžืงื•ืžื”, ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ื˜ืื™ื ื ืงืจืื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื ืœืžืงื•ื, ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžืกื‘ื‘ ืืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœื ื•ืœื’ื•ืืœื.
ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฉืจื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“, ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื ื—ืจื‘ ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ืœื• ืžืืจืฆื, ื•ืืžื ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื›ืจื–ื” ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื›ื•ืจืฉ ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื•ืชืจ ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืืจืฆื, ืื•ืœื ืจืง ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืขืœื•. ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ื”ืคืจืกื™ืช ืฉืœื˜ื” ื‘ื›ื™ืคื”, ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ื”ืชืืžืฅ ืœื”ืชืขืจื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื›ืžื•ืชื, ืขื“ ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ืช ืœืฆืœื. ื•ื‘ืฉื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื”, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืื—ืฉื•ื•ืจื•ืฉ ื•ืจืื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืื™ืš ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ื›ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืฉื ืคืœื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื—ื•ืœ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื”ื ื• ืžืกืขื•ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืจืฉืข. ื ื“ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœืžืขื ื• ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื ื’ื•ื–, ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœืฉื™ื‘ืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืœืขื•ืœื.
ืื– ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืงื˜ืจื•ื’ ื ื•ืจื ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืื—ืจ ืฉื”' ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืืช ืชื•ืจืชื• ื•ื”ืฉืจื” ืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ืชื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื, ื”ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืžืฉืชื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืœืฆืœื ื•ืื™ื ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืืจืฆื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื•ื›ื ื’ื“ ื–ื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืื“ืžื” ืงื ื”ืžืŸ ื”ืจืฉืข, ืžื–ืจืข ืขืžืœืง, ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ื”ืคืจืกื™ืช ืœื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื ื•ืจืื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืžื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื - "ืœึฐื”ึทืฉืึฐืžึดื™ื“ ืœึทื”ึฒืจึนื’ ื•ึผืœึฐืึทื‘ึผึตื“ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึดื™ื, ืžึดื ึผึทืขึทืจ ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ื–ึธืงึตืŸ ื˜ึทืฃ ื•ึฐื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ืึถื—ึธื“, ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐืœื•ึนืฉืึธื” ืขึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ืœึฐื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ื•ึผื ื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืึฒื“ึธืจ, ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœึธืœึธื ืœึธื‘ื•ึนื–" (ืืกืชืจ ื’, ื™ื’).
ืื’ื‘, ื”ื™ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื˜ืขื ื• ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžืจื“ื›ื™, ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ืจื ืœื’ื–ื™ืจื”, ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืขืžื“ ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื›ืจื•ืข ื•ืœื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ืช ืœื”ืžืŸ ื”ืจืฉืข, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื—ืžืชื• ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื (ืืกืชืจ ื’, ื‘-ื•).
ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืกื‘ื‘ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืงื“ื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืžื›ื” ื‘ืœืงื™ื—ืช ืืกืชืจ ืœืื—ืฉื•ื•ืจื•ืฉ, ื•ื›ืš ื™ื›ืœื• ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื•ืืกืชืจ ืœื”ืคืจ ืืช ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืŸ. ื•ื ื”ืคื•ืš ื”ื•ื, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืฉื•ื ืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื‘ืฆืขื• ืืช ื–ืžืžื, ื”ืจื’ื• ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ื ืื™ื”ื, ื•ืืฃ ืืช ื”ืžืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ืชืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืขืฅ ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืžืจื“ื›ื™, ื•ื ืขืฉืชื” ืชืฉื•ืขื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืงืจื ื ื”ืชืจื•ืžืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื•ื ืชืขื•ืจืจื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™. 1

ื‘ - ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ
ื›ืฉื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง, ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื’ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ืžืŸ ื”ืจืฉืข ืขื•ืจืจื” ืืช ื”ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ื‘ืงื™ื ื‘ืืžื•ื ืชื ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ. ืฉื”ืจื™ ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ืžืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื™ื ืฆืœ ืžื’ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ื”ืฉืžื“ื”, ื•ืืข"ืค ื›ืŸ ืœื ื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ื™ืžืœื˜ ืžื’ื•ืจืœื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ื•ืœื”ื™ืคืš, ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื—ื–ืจื• ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื• ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.
ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืขื”, ืขื“ ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื–ืจื• ื•ืงื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืื—ืฉื•ื•ืจื•ืฉ. ื•ืงื‘ืœืชื ืื– ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™. ื›ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืคื™ื™ื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื˜, ื™ื–): "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึฐื™ึทืฆึผึฐื‘ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืชึทื—ึฐืชึผึดื™ืช ื”ึธื”ึธืจ", ืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ (ืฉื‘ืช ืคื—, ื): "ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื›ืคื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ื”ืจ ื›ื’ื™ื’ื™ืช, ื•ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: ืื ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” - ืžื•ื˜ื‘, ื•ืื ืœืื• - ืฉื ืชื”ื ืงื‘ื•ืจืชื›ื. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืื—ื ื‘ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘: ืžื›ืืŸ ืžื•ื“ืขื ืจื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. (ืžื•ื“ืขื ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื“ืขืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ, ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืงื™ื™ืžื”). "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื: ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ, ื”ื“ื•ืจ (ื—ื–ืจื•) ืงื‘ืœื•ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ. ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืืกืชืจ ื˜, ื›ื–): 'ืงึดื™ึผึฐืžื•ึผ ื•ึฐืงึดื‘ึผึฐืœื•ึผ ื”ึทื™ึผึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึดื™ื', ืงื™ื™ืžื• ืžื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื›ื‘ืจ".
ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืืจื• ืฉื›ืคื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืจ ื›ื’ื™ื’ื™ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ืฉืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืจืื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™, ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืœืœ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืื•ืœื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ืชืจื” ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื’ื ืื—"ื›, ื›ืืฉืจ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืชืจื—ืง ืžื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืคืชื™ื, ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื”' ื•ืชื•ืจืชื•. ื•ืื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื™ืžื™ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื‘ื”ื ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืœืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜. ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ื ื•ืจืื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืžื—ื™ืจ ืืžื•ื ืชื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ ืžื ืฉื•ื, ื•ืืข"ืค ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืœื ืฉื•ื ื›ืคื™ื™ื”, ื‘ื—ืจื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื“ื‘ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืืžื•ื ืชื, ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืืœ ื”'. ื•ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื—ื–ืจื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืชืจื™"ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืืœื ืฉืื—ืจ ืฉื ื™ืฆืœื• ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ื•ืชืงื ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื.
ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื•ื ืคืชื— ื”ืคืชื— ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืคืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™.

ื’ - ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช
ืืฃ ืฉื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”, ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืืช. ืฉืœื—ื” ืœื”ื ืืกืชืจ ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื: "ื›ืชื‘ื•ื ื™ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช", ืฉื™ื›ืชื‘ื• ืืช ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื™ื›ืœืœื•ื”ื• ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื‘ืชื "ืš. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืืกืชืจ ืžื—ื›ืžื™ื: "ืงื‘ืขื•ื ื™ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช", ืฉื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืžืงืจื ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืชืœื‘ื˜ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื–ื”, ื”ืŸ ืžืฆื“ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืงื ืื” ืžืฆื“ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื™ืจืื• ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืžืคืœืชื, ื•ื”ืŸ ืžืฆื“ ืฉื”ืกืชืคืงื• ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขื•ื“ ืคืขื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขืžืœืง. ืขื“ ืฉืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืœืžื“ื• ืžืจืžื–ื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืขืžืœืง, ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืืช ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ืงื‘ืขื• ืืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื‘, ื; ื–, ื; ื‘"ื‘ ื˜ื•, ื).
ืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื•ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื• ืžืื” ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื ื–ืงื ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื•ืžื”ื: ื—ื’ื™, ื–ื›ืจื™ื”, ืžืœืื›ื™, ื“ื ื™ืืœ, ื—ื ื ื™ื”, ืžื™ืฉืืœ, ืขื–ืจื™ื”, ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ, ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ื—ื›ืœื™ื”, ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื•ื–ืจื•ื‘ื‘ืœ ื‘ืŸ ืฉืืœืชื™ืืœ. ื•ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ื•ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ื”ื, ืขื“ ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื ืงืจืื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ. ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื™ืกื“ ืืช ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื•ืžื›ื•ื—ื ื ืžืฉื›ื” ืคืขื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”.
ื ืก ืคื•ืจื™ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื ืก ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื™ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืชื "ืš, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ (ื™ื•ืžื ื›ื˜, ื): "ืืกืชืจ ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื". ื•ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ื ื—ืชื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืชื "ืš.
ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื” ื”ืžืงืฉืจืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืœืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ื•ื›ืš ืื›ืŸ ืžืขืžื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืž'ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืงื‘ืœื”', ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืœืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื. ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืœืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ืžืฉื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ืื™ื ืŸ ื›ืžืขืžื“ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ื ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื. ื•ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืกืคืง ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืื ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืื• ืฉื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื”ืงืœ ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื. 2
ืฉื‘ืข ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื. ืžืชื•ื›ืŸ ืืจื‘ืข ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืœืคื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืŸ: ื) ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื”. ื‘) ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช ืื™ืฉ ืœืจืขื”ื•. ื’) ืžืชื ื•ืช ืœืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื. ื“) ืžืฉืชื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืฉื›ืžื•ืชืŸ ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื: ื) ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” (ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื). ื‘) ื”ื–ื›ืจืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืืžื™ืจืช 'ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื' ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ื’) ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืกืคื“ ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช.



^ 1.. ืžืžื’ื™ืœื” ื™ื, ื‘ - ื™ื‘, ื, ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืื—ืฉื•ื•ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื›ื•ืจืฉ, ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื• ืœืฆืœื ื•ื ื”ื ื• ืžืกืขื•ื“ืช ืื•ืชื• ืจืฉืข. ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืืžืจื•, ืฉื“ืจื™ื•ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื ืฉืœ ืื—ืฉื•ื•ืจื•ืฉ ื•ืืกืชืจ, ื•ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ืืžื• ื”ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™, ืฉื‘ื ื™ื™ืชื• ื ืขืฆืจื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ื™ื ื™ื. ื•ืข' ืžื’ื“ื™ื ื™ื“ ืข' 47-148.
^ 2.. ืœื“ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ืžืขืžื“ ืืจื‘ืข ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ืจื™ื ื›'ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืงื‘ืœื”', ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ืžื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื, ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ. ื•ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืกืคืง. ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžื–ื” ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืกืคืง ืื ื”ื ืžื•ืงืคื™ื ื—ื•ืžื” ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื, ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื‘ืกืคืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื›ื‘ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ื•ื›ืš ืžืฉืžืข ืžื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ืฉื•"ืข (ืชืจืคื—, ื“, ืชืจืฆื•, ื–). ืื•ืœื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ, ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื, ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืŸ ืขืค"ื™ ืžื™ื“ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช, ื•ืœื ื›ื—ื™ื•ื‘. ื”ืจื™ ืฉื“ื™ื ื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ. ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ืช ื›ืžื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื (ื˜ื•ืจื™ ืื‘ืŸ, ืž"ื‘ ืชืจืฆื‘, ื˜ื–, ื›ื”"ื— ืœื˜). ื•ืžืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ืžืกืชืขืฃ ืขื•ื“ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืื ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืœืจื•ื”"ืค ื•ืœืจืž"ื ืชืจืคื–, ื‘, ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ื—ื”, ื•ืœื˜"ื– ื“ื•ื—ื”. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืจื‘ ื–ื•ื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืขืจื•ืช 4-16, ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื”, ื.
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ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“

ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจืช ืกืคืจื™ "ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื”".
  • ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื“ื’ ื•ื‘ืฉืจ ื™ื—ื“
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื“ื’ ื•ื‘ืฉืจ ื™ื—ื“

    ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืค"ื’
  • ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื“ืขืช ื”ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื•ืจ
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื“ืขืช ื”ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื•ืจ

    ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื‘
  • ืืฉืžืชื ืฉืœ ื–ืงื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืืฉืžืชื ืฉืœ ื–ืงื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื–
  • ืฉื›ืจ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืฉื›ืจ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ

    ืื‘ ืชืฉืค"ื”
ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื’
ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื’
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
  • ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืฅ (ื›ืฆืœ'ื”)
     ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืฅ (ื›ืฆืœ'ื”)
  • ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
    48 ื“ืง'
    ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืืฆืœื ืงื™ืฅ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืฉื, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชืขืงืฉ ืœื”ื™ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”, ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืชืคื™ืœืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”
    52 ื“ืง'
    ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”

    ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”

    ืืžื•ื ื” ื›"ื˜ -ืœ"ื

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”: ืžื—ื“ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืขื•ื– ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ื”', ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืœืขื“ืŸ ื•ืœืจื›ืš ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ืคืจืื™ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืœืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื—ื™ื™ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžืœืื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื
    45 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืš ื•ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง ื’ื–ืœ , ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ'
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ'

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
    29 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื ื— ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื”ืืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื ื•ื— ืจื•ืžื– ืืœื™ื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ื›ืžืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื— ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉื–ื™ื›ืชื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ" ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื
    25 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื—ื˜ื ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ื’ื•ืฃ, ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื›ืœ ื•ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ืžืื•ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืชื• ื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื—.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื˜
    27 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื˜

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื•' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช

    ืขื‘ื“ืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื -ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืœืฆื“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช
    40 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื "ืกืคื™ืงื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื", ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ("ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”") ื•ืžืงื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืง. ืžืชื•ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”"ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช", ื”"ืชื•ืžื™ื" ื•ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืค, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื• ืคืจืง ื›"ื– - ื›"ื—

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ืจืฆื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘
    ื ื—

    ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืžื•ืœ ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ืชื•, ื“ืจืš ืžืคื’ืฉื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื—ื ื ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืื• ืžืกื—ืจ ืขื ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืืœื ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืง"ืก

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื ืฉ ื ืงืžื ื™, ืืœื ื”ืชืคื›ื—ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื•ื—ืฉ ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื•. ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื–ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืœื ืขืจ ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœ ื˜ื‘ืขื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“
    44 ื“ืง'
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืงืก"ื‘ - ืงืก"ื“

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” โ€“ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืขืชื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” โ€“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง. ื“ืจืš ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—
    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?
    46 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?

    ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ 'ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื' ื‘ืฉื 'ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื' ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

    ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื ื™ืœืžื“ื• ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื | ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื•, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืœืžื“ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื‘ื’ืจื•ืชื• | ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืจื—ื‘, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” | ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“, ืฉื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืขื•ืœืžื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ืขื™ืžื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ | ืขื™ืงืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื™ืงื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื‘ื ื“ื”ืœื›ืชื | ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืขื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ 20 ื™ืงื™ืคื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืขื ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจื• ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืžืคืจืฉื™ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–

    ืงึตืฅ ื›ื‡ึผืœ ื‘ึธึผืฉึธื‚ืจ ื‘ึธึผื ืœึฐืคึธื ึทื™ - ืžื”ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืงึตืฅ ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื”, ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืงึตืฅ ืืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžืชื—ืœื”. ืžึดื›ื‡ึผืœ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ - ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ื“ืื ื”ื•ื ืœึฐืšึธ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื›ืœ. ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื•ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืคืจืฉื”. ืœืžื” ืฉืœื— ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื•ืจื‘ ื•ื™ื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืœื ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืจื—ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื.

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il