ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช
  • ื”ื›ื ื” ืœื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช
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514
5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื“ืจืšืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืžื ื”ื’ ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ื™ืฉื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ื‘ื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืื›ืœื™ ื—ืœื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ. ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืืฉื›ื ื– ื•ืฆืจืคืช, ื•ืžืฉื ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืฉืื™ื ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ื–ื”, ื›ืžื• ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื™ ืชื™ืžืŸ, ืœื•ื‘, ื’'ืจื‘ื”, ื‘ื•ื›ืจื” ื•ืคืจืก.
ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ืžืฉืœื” ืœื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื—ืœื‘ (ื“ื‘"ืจ ื–, ื’), ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื“, ื™ื): "ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืฉื ื•ึฐื—ึธืœึธื‘ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืœึฐืฉืื•ึนื ึตืšึฐ". ื•ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื (ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ื™ืฉืŸ ื›ื™ ืชืฉื ื˜): "ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืขืžื“ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ื•ืืžืจื• (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื“, ื–): 'ื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถืจ ื”' ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ื•ึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืžึธืข', ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื: 'ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืฉื ื•ึฐื—ึธืœึธื‘ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืœึฐืฉืื•ึนื ึตืšึฐ'". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื›ืžืชื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื ืคืงืคื•ืง, ื–ื›ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืคื™ื”ื ื›ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื—ืœื‘.

ื›ื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘
ื‘ื™ืืจ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง, ืฉื—ืœื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ ื”ื ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืžืงื•ืจ ื˜ืžื: ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื ื•ืฆืจ ืžื“ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืŸ ืฉืจืฅ ื˜ืžื, ื•ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื ื•ืฆืจ ืžื“ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”. ื•ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืžืชื”ืคื›ื™ื ืžื˜ื•ืžืื” ืœื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ื ืžืฉื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ื˜ืขื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืžื–ื™ื ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกื’ื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉืžืชืงื ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืื•ืชื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื. ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื (ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืœ, ื‘): "ืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื‘ื ื™ื™, ื‘ืจืืชื™ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ื•ื‘ืจืืชื™ ืœื• ืชื•ืจื” ืชื‘ืœื™ืŸ, ืื ืืชื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” - ืื™ืŸ ืืชื ื ืžืกืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื•". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ืืช ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข, ืืœื ืžืชื‘ืœืช ืื•ืชื• ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื”ืคืš ืœื˜ื•ื‘.

ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื (823)
ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
612 - ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ - ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฆื“ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช
613 - ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืžืจ ืœืžืชื•ืง - ืกื’ื•ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ
614 - ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื•ืœื ืจืื˜ื” ื–ืฆ"ืœ
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“
 ืืจืฅ ื–ื‘ืช ื—ืœื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ
ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืขืœืช ื—ืœื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื—ืžืฉึพืขืฉืจื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื ืงืจืืช "ืึถืจึถืฅ ื–ึธื‘ึทืช ื—ึธืœึธื‘ ื•ึผื“ึฐื‘ึธืฉื", ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ื ืžืงื“ืฉืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืœ, ื•ืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืชื•ืง ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื›ื—ืœื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ ืฉื”ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื ื•ืฆืจื• ืžืชื•ืš ื˜ืžื.

ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืกื’ื•ืœื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืชืงื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืื•ืจื”. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืงื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื•. ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื (ืฉื‘ืช ืคื—, ื): "ื”ืชื ื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืขื ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื•ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: ืื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” - ืืชื ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืื ืœืื• - ืื ื™ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืชื›ื ืœืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื•". ื•ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื (ื•ื™ืง"ืจ ื›ื’, ื’): "ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื ืขืฉื” ื•ื ืฉืžืข, ืืžืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื: ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืฉื•ืฉื ื” ื–ื• ื™ื™ื ืฆืœ ื”ืคืจื“ืก, ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื™ื ืฆืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื".
ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืกื’ื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื•ื—ืœ ืืช ืืจืฆื• ื•ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ืงื™ื™ืžืŸ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช. ื•ืืฃ ืฉื’ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจืงืข, ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื“ืข ืœืงื™ื™ืžืŸ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื›ืฉื ื—ื–ื•ืจ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื•, ื; ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื, ื—; ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืœื–, ื; ืกืคืจื™ ืžื’-ืžื“).

ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ - ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื”
ืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืœืงืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจืชื ื• ืชืืจื™ืš ืžืฉืœื•, ืืœื ื–ืžื ื• ื ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—. ื‘ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ื”ืชื’ืœื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ, ืฉื‘ื—ืจ ื”' ื‘ืขืžื• ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืœืชืช ืœื• ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื’, ื–-ื—): "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื”' ืจึธืึนื” ืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ืึถืช ืขึณื ึดื™ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื... ื•ึธืึตืจึตื“ ืœึฐื”ึทืฆึผึดื™ืœื•ึน ืžึดื™ึผึทื“ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึทืขึฒืœึนืชื•ึน ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื”ึทื”ึดื•ื ืึถืœ ืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ื•ึผืจึฐื—ึธื‘ึธื” ืึถืœ ืึถืจึถืฅ ื–ึธื‘ึทืช ื—ึธืœึธื‘ ื•ึผื“ึฐื‘ึธืฉื..." (ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช ื•, ื“-ื—; ื™ื’, ื’-ื”; ื™ื’, ื™ื). ื•ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ, ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ืœื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช, ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืจืš ื”ืขื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ืœืขืจืš ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื•ืืฃ ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”, ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืจื— ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื˜ืฉื˜ืฉื• ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉื ื™ ื—ื’ื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื, ื”ืื—ื“ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืชื ื ื“ื‘ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• (ืคืจืฉื” ื˜ื•): "ืฉืืœ ื–ืงืŸ ืื—ื“ ืืช ืืœื™ื”ื•: 'ืจื‘ื™, ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ื™, ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื”ื‘ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ ื–ื” ืžื”ืŸ ืงื•ื“ื?' ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•, 'ื“ืจื›ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื, ืชื•ืจื” ืงื“ื•ืžื” ืœื›ื•ืœ... ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ, ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืงื•ื“ืžื™ืŸ...'".

ื”ืžืชืขืœืžื™ื ืžืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ืœืื•ืžื™
ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืื ื™ ื ื“ื”ื ืœืงืจื•ื ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื•ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื—ืจื“ื™ื ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื“ืชื™ึพืœืื•ืžื™ ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ืœื• ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืชืจื”. ืœื ื™ื™ืืžืŸ ืื™ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืขื“ ืฉืœื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืืช ืขืจืš ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ื›ืคื™ ื”ื ืจืื” ื–ื• ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื (ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื”, ื‘): "ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืžืงื•ืžืŸ - ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื–ื”". ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ืœืžื“ื• ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉืงื™ื“ื” ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช, ืืœื ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืจืื•ื™, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืืžืจื• ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืชืคืกื™ื ื‘ืงื˜ื ื•ึผืช, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืขื™ืงืจ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” - ืœื”ื“ืจื™ืš ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื•ื”ืคืจื˜ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ. ืื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœืžื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช, ื”ืจื™ ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืชืขืงืฉ ื›ื™ื•ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ื–ื”, ืงืฉื” ืœืœืžื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช. ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงื™ื ื•ืคืœืคืœืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืš ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื ืชื• ื—ืžื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ืื•ืžื ื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืืชื’ืจ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืกื™ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืœืžื“ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื ื”ืขื’ืœ ื•ื—ื˜ื ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืœืžื“ื ื• ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ืฉืœื™ื•ื• ืืช ืžืžืœื›ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืช ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ืื•ืœื ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ืœื ื• ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืœืขื•ืœื.
ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืžืชื•ืš ืฉืžื—ืช ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ื•ื—ื’ ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช, ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื” ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ื›ื—ืœื‘ ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืฉ, ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ืชื” ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘.

ืžื•ืขื“ ื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”
ื”ืฉื ื” ืื ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืฉื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™, ื•ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฆืžื•ื“ื” ืืœื™ื•. ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืฉื›ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื”ื“ืขื” ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช, ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื™ืฆืื ื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื. ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™, ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื•' ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”. ืื•ืœื ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืœื”ื›ื ื•ืช ืœืงืจืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขื™ืžื• ื•ื“ื—ื” ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื•ืื—ื“ ืœืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ (ืฉื‘ืช ืคื•, ื‘-ืคื–, ื).
ืžืชื•ืš ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืžื•ืคืœืื” ื–ื• ืœืžื“ื ื• ืขืœ ืžืขืžื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื ื“ื—ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ืคืจืฉื ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•.
ืืœื ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืงืฉื” ืื ื›ืŸ, ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืฉื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื•ื "ื–ืžืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจืชื ื•" (ืฉื•"ืข ืชืฆื“, ื), ื•ื”ืœื ื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืœืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื•ืื—ื“ ืœืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ? ืืœื ืฉื‘ืืžืช, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืฉืœืžื” ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื‘ื• ื–ื™ื›ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื”' ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื ื•, ืืœื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื–ืงืงื ื• ืœืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื ืงื‘ืข ื™ื•ื ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืงื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื• ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื ื• ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ื•ื— (ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ืชืคืืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคืจืง ื›ื–).
ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื ื•ืคืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™, ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื™ืžื™ื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื - ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื”' ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื’ื•ื’ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื—ืฆื™ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ.

ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ืŸ
ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื—ืœ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช, ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ 'ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ืŸ', ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืฉืœ ื•ืœืืคื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืฉื‘ืช. ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœ ืฉืžื›ื™ื ื™ื ืžืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื ืงืจื 'ืขื™ืจื•ื‘', ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ื ืขืฉื• ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ืื–ื™ ื›ืฉื ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืฉืœ ื•ืœืืคื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ืš ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืฉืœ ื•ืœืืคื•ืช ื‘ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”'ืขื™ืจื•ื‘' ืงื™ื™ื, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ืื•ืžื ื ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ื’ื ื‘ืœื ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ืŸ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืžื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืฉื‘ืช, ืืœื ืฉื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืกืจื• ื–ืืช ื‘ืœื ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ืŸ, ืžืฉื•ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืช (ื‘ื™ืฆื” ื˜ื•, ื‘).
ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื—ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ืŸ: ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœ ื•ืคืช ื•ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื‘". ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื: "ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ื™ื”ื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื ื• ืœืืคื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืฉืœ ื•ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื ื• ืžื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืฉื‘ืช".

ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ืข



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ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“

ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจืช ืกืคืจื™ "ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื”".
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
     ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
  • ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
    48 ื“ืง'
    ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืืฆืœื ืงื™ืฅ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืฉื, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชืขืงืฉ ืœื”ื™ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”, ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืชืคื™ืœืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”
    52 ื“ืง'
    ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”

    ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”

    ืืžื•ื ื” ื›"ื˜ -ืœ"ื

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”: ืžื—ื“ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืขื•ื– ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ื”', ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืœืขื“ืŸ ื•ืœืจื›ืš ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ืคืจืื™ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืœืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื—ื™ื™ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžืœืื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื
    45 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืš ื•ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง ื’ื–ืœ , ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ'
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ'

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
    29 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื ื— ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื”ืืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื ื•ื— ืจื•ืžื– ืืœื™ื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ื›ืžืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื— ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉื–ื™ื›ืชื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ" ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื
    25 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื—ื˜ื ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ื’ื•ืฃ, ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื›ืœ ื•ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ืžืื•ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืชื• ื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื—.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื˜
    27 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื˜

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื•' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช

    ืขื‘ื“ืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื -ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืœืฆื“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช
    40 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื "ืกืคื™ืงื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื", ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ("ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”") ื•ืžืงื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืง. ืžืชื•ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”"ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช", ื”"ืชื•ืžื™ื" ื•ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืค, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื• ืคืจืง ื›"ื– - ื›"ื—

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ืจืฆื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘
    ื ื—

    ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืžื•ืœ ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ืชื•, ื“ืจืš ืžืคื’ืฉื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื—ื ื ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืื• ืžืกื—ืจ ืขื ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืืœื ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืง"ืก

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื ืฉ ื ืงืžื ื™, ืืœื ื”ืชืคื›ื—ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื•ื—ืฉ ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื•. ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื–ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืœื ืขืจ ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœ ื˜ื‘ืขื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“
    44 ื“ืง'
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืงืก"ื‘ - ืงืก"ื“

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” โ€“ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืขืชื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” โ€“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง. ื“ืจืš ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—
    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?
    46 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื -ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืื•ืžื ื?

    ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ 'ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื' ื‘ืฉื 'ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื' ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื. ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

    ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื ื™ืœืžื“ื• ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื | ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื•, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืœืžื“ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื‘ื’ืจื•ืชื• | ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืจื—ื‘, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” | ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“, ืฉื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืขื•ืœืžื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ืขื™ืžื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ | ืขื™ืงืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื™ืงื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื‘ื ื“ื”ืœื›ืชื | ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืขื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ 20 ื™ืงื™ืคื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืขื ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจื• ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืžืคืจืฉื™ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื ื— ืชืฉืคื–

    ืงึตืฅ ื›ื‡ึผืœ ื‘ึธึผืฉึธื‚ืจ ื‘ึธึผื ืœึฐืคึธื ึทื™ - ืžื”ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืงึตืฅ ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื”, ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืงึตืฅ ืืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฆื•ื‘ ืžืชื—ืœื”. ืžึดื›ื‡ึผืœ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ - ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ื“ืื ื”ื•ื ืœึฐืšึธ ืžึทืึฒื›ึธืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืื›ืœ. ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื•ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืคืจืฉื”. ืœืžื” ืฉืœื— ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื•ืจื‘ ื•ื™ื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืœื ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืจื—ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื.

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il